The standard deviation of the portfolio is Option A 33.17%
How to determine the standard deviationThe formula for determining the standard deviation of a portfolio is expressed as;
σp = √(w1²σ1² + w2²σ2² + 2ρw1w2σ1σ2)
Such that the parameters of the formula are;
σp is the portfolio standard w1 and w2 are the weights of the two assets σ1 and σ2 are the standard deviations of assetsρ is the correlationSubstitute the values , we have;
σp = √(0.4²(35%)² + 0.6²(30%)² + 2(0.8)(0.4)(35%)(30%))
Then, we have;
= 33.17%
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La Super Rica is a taco stand in Santa Barbara, California. It is popular with the locals and even the late Julia Child found the food delicious. If La Super Rica is making an economic profit, what is the probable outcome in the taco market? (1 Mark) A) The number of firms will increase, decreasing La Super Rica's demand. B) The number of firms will decrease, decreasing La Super Rica's demand. C) The number of firms will increase, increasing La Super Rica's demand. D) The number of firms will decrease, increasing La Super Rica's demand.
The number of firms will increase, increasing La Super Rica's demand, is the most likely outcome. Option C.
If La Super Rica is making an economic profit, it indicates that the revenue generated from its taco sales exceeds its total costs, including both explicit costs (such as ingredients, labor, rent, etc.) and implicit costs (opportunity costs of the resources used).
In a competitive market, such as the taco market, economic profits act as a signal for other firms to enter the market in search of the potential profits. Therefore, the probable outcome in the taco market would be an increase in the number of firms.
As more firms enter the market, they will try to capture a share of the profits that La Super Rica is enjoying. This increased competition leads to an expansion of the industry supply, resulting in a greater availability of tacos in the market.
With the entry of new firms, the demand for La Super Rica's tacos may be affected. The increased number of options available to consumers may lead to a slight decrease in La Super Rica's demand.
However, since La Super Rica is already established and has a strong local reputation, it is likely to maintain a loyal customer base despite the increased competition.
Overall, while the number of firms will increase in response to La Super Rica's economic profit, the impact on La Super Rica's demand will depend on various factors, including its reputation, product differentiation, and customer loyalty.
However, it is reasonable to expect some competition and a potential decrease in La Super Rica's market share as more firms enter the taco market. Option C is correct.
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Gary's Pipe and Steel company expects sales next year to be $1,080.000 if the economy is strong, $740,000 if the economy is steady. and $393,000 if the economy is weak. Gary believes there is a 25 percent probability the economy will be strong, a 45 percent probability of a steady economy, and a 30 percent probability of a weak economy. What is the expected level of sales for next year?
The expected level of sales for next year is $720,900. To calculate the expected level of sales for next year, we need to multiply each possible sales amount by its corresponding probability and sum up the results.
Expected sales = (Sales in strong economy * Probability of strong economy) + (Sales in steady economy * Probability of steady economy) + (Sales in weak economy * Probability of weak economy)
Expected sales = ($1,080,000 * 0.25) + ($740,000 * 0.45) + ($393,000 * 0.30)
Expected sales = $270,000 + $333,000 + $117,900
Expected sales = $720,900
Therefore, the expected level of sales for next year is $720,900.
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5. Imagine that there are five brands of beer that differ on the attributes of quality (on a scale of 0-100) and price: Beer Price Quality Brand A $1.90 63 Brand B $2.80 78 Brand C $3.10 77 Brand D $1.80 38 Brand E $4.00 88 (a) Assume that consumers have $5. Calculate how much money they will they have leftover if they purchased each brand of beer. On a graph where the x-axis is money leftover, and the y-axis is quality, draw a point and label it for each of the beer brands, A-E
When the College Inn Pub offers Brand A and Brand B, 31% of students choose A and 69% of students choose B. Identify whether you would expect a higher or lower fraction of people to choose Brand A and whether you would expect a higher or lower fraction of people to choose Brand B if the pub changed its beer offering as stated in parts (b) through (d). Explain which context effect you believe is at work. (b) The pub offers Brand A, Brand B, and Brand C. (c) The pub offers Brand A, Brand B, and Brand D. (d) The pub offers Brand A, Brand B, and Brand E, but does not manage to sell Brand E. (e) Suppose the College Inn Pub cannot change the price of Brand A, Brand B, and Brand E (these are determined by the manufacturer), but they want to increase the demand of Brand E. Come up with the price and quality for a Brand F beer that will most likely achieve the pub's goal. Draw it on the graph. Explain why this works.
The money leftover for each beer brand, given a total of $5, is as follows:
Brand A ($3.10), Brand B ($2.20), Brand C ($1.90), Brand D ($3.20), Brand E ($1.00).(a) To calculate the money leftover when purchasing each brand of beer, we subtract the price of the beer from the total amount of money consumers have. Assuming consumers have $5, we can calculate the money leftover for each brand:
For Brand A: $5 - $1.90 = $3.10
For Brand B: $5 - $2.80 = $2.20
For Brand C: $5 - $3.10 = $1.90
For Brand D: $5 - $1.80 = $3.20
For Brand E: $5 - $4.00 = $1.00
Now, let's plot these points on the graph, with the x-axis representing money leftover and the y-axis representing quality:
Quality (y)
|
88| E
77| C
78| B
63| A
38| D
|
--------------------------------
Money Leftover (x)
(b) If the pub offers Brand A, Brand B, and Brand C, we would expect a higher fraction of people to choose Brand A compared to when only Brand A and Brand B were offered. This is because Brand C has a higher quality (77) compared to Brand B (78), but at a slightly higher price. The introduction of a higher quality option that is still reasonably priced may attract some consumers who prioritize quality over price, increasing the fraction of people choosing Brand A.
(c) If the pub offers Brand A, Brand B, and Brand D, we would expect a higher fraction of people to choose Brand B compared to when only Brand A and Brand B were offered. This is because Brand D has a significantly lower quality (38) compared to Brand B (78) and is priced lower (both are priced at $1.80). The introduction of a lower quality and cheaper option may attract some consumers who prioritize price over quality, leading to a higher fraction of people choosing Brand B.
(d) If the pub offers Brand A, Brand B, and Brand E but does not manage to sell Brand E, we would expect a higher fraction of people to choose Brand A compared to when only Brand A and Brand B were offered. The absence of Brand E removes the higher quality option (88) with a higher price ($4.00), leaving only Brand A and Brand B. Since Brand A still has a reasonable quality (63) at a lower price ($1.90) compared to Brand B, more consumers may choose Brand A, resulting in a higher fraction of people choosing Brand A.
The context effect at work here is the compromise effect. When consumers are presented with multiple options, the presence of an extreme option (higher quality or higher price) tends to make the other options appear more attractive by comparison.
(e) To increase the demand for Brand E, the pub could introduce a new beer, Brand F, that offers even higher quality than Brand E but at a lower price. Let's assume Brand F has a quality of 90 and a price of $3.50. This combination provides a higher quality option than Brand E (88) but at a lower price ($4.00).
By offering Brand F, the pub taps into the attraction effect, where consumers perceive Brand F as a better deal compared to Brand E. This should lead to increased demand for Brand E as consumers are now presented with a higher quality option at a more attractive price point.
The graph would be updated as follows:
Quality (y)
|
90| F
88| E
77| C
78| B
63| A
38| D
|
--------------------------------
Money Leftover (x)
The introduction of Brand F aims to create a stronger attraction effect, driving demand for Brand E while maintaining a reasonable price and quality balance.
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4. Discuss the factors that are required for the smooth implementation of the Total Quality Management philosophy in a named organization of your choice. (15 marks)
The philosophy of Total Quality Management (TQM) is a management approach that aims to meet the customer's expectations by satisfying all stakeholders in the organization.
The implementation of this philosophy requires a systematic approach. There are various factors that are required for the smooth implementation of the Total Quality Management philosophy in an organization such as financial resources, leadership commitment, continuous training, and involvement of employees. Let us take the example of a company named Toyota.
Factors required for the smooth implementation of the Total Quality Management philosophy in Toyota are as follows: Financial resources: Toyota requires adequate financial resources to implement the TQM philosophy in the organization. The management should have a budget and allocate funds for the TQM program. Leadership commitment: The management of Toyota needs to show their commitment to the TQM philosophy and support the implementation of the program.
In conclusion, these are the factors required for the smooth implementation of the Total Quality Management philosophy at Toyota. TQM program implementation requires a well-planned strategy, financial support, training, and involvement of employees, and leadership commitment.
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MGMT180 - Individual Assignment 03- Project Business Case Research Individual Assignment 03 Provide written answers to the following questions: Ensure that your answers are in complete sentences, with
The MGMT180 - Individual Assignment 03- Project Business Case Research Individual Assignment is aimed at evaluating a student's understanding of the various elements that are involved in a successful project business case research project.
The assignment requires that students answer the following questions in complete sentences:
1. What is the definition of a business case?
A business case is a document that outlines the reasons and justifications for a proposed project or initiative. The business case is used to evaluate the potential risks, costs, and benefits of the proposed project, and to determine whether or not it should be pursued.
2. What is the purpose of a business case?
The purpose of a business case is to provide a detailed analysis of a proposed project, including its potential risks and benefits, its projected costs and timeline, and its alignment with the strategic goals of the organization. The business case serves as a decision-making tool for stakeholders, who use it to determine whether or not to invest resources into the proposed project.
3. What are the key components of a business case?
The key components of a business case include the executive summary, the project scope, the project timeline, the project budget, the risks and benefits analysis, and the stakeholder analysis. The executive summary provides an overview of the business case, while the project scope outlines the goals and objectives of the proposed project. The project timeline and budget outline the projected costs and timeline for the project, while the risks and benefits analysis evaluates the potential risks and benefits of the proposed project. The stakeholder analysis identifies the key stakeholders and their potential impact on the project.
In conclusion, the MGMT180 - Individual Assignment 03- Project Business Case Research Individual Assignment requires students to understand and apply the principles of business case analysis to a real-world project. By answering the above questions in complete sentences and ensuring that their answers are well-researched and supported by evidence, students will be able to successfully complete the assignment and demonstrate their understanding of the topic.
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Suppose that it would be possible to avoid environmental damages of $2.5 million 120 years
from today by spending $100,000 now. Would spending this money today to help clean the
environment for future generations be feasible at a discount rate of 2.5%? Suppose the discount
rate used was just 0.5% higher. Would the investment then be feasible?
if the discount rate used is 2.5%, the investment to avoid environmental damages would be feasible, but if the discount rate is increased by 0.5% to 3%, the investment would not be feasible.
How to determine if the investment then be feasibleCalculating the present value (PV) of the future benefits and compare it with the initial cost.
Using a discount rate of 2.5%, the present value can be calculated as follows:
PV = Future Value / (1 + Discount Rate)^Number of Years
PV = $2,500,000 / (1 + 0.025)^120
PV ≈ $483,927.78
The present value of the future benefits is approximately $483,927.78.
Since the present value of the future benefits ($483,927.78) is greater than the initial cost ($100,000), the investment is feasible at a discount rate of 2.5%.
Now, let's consider a discount rate that is 0.5% higher, which would be 3% in this case.
PV = $2,500,000 / (1 + 0.03)^120
PV ≈ $419,190.02
The present value of the future benefits using a discount rate of 3% is approximately $419,190.02.
In this case, the present value of the future benefits is lower than the initial cost ($100,000), indicating that the investment would not be feasible at a discount rate of 3%.
Therefore, if the discount rate used is 2.5%, the investment to avoid environmental damages would be feasible, but if the discount rate is increased by 0.5% to 3%, the investment would not be feasible.
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Assume you are the management accountant for the Foleo Group. After her meetings with the various business units, Tracey Chen has identified a number of opportunities for the organisation to improve its sustainability performance. One such opportunity is Robyn Smith’s suggestion for moving the manufacturing operations of Foleo Fones and Accessories off-shore to address the local residents’ concerns. Robyn had done some research and has supplied Tracey with the below data relating to the relocation of Foleo’s manufacturing plants offshore (specifically to Guangzhou in southern China).
Australian Plants
Guangzhou Plant
Annual Direct Labour Costs
$1,953,315
$1,074,323
Annual Direct Materials Costs
$2,976,480
$1,785,888
Annual operational expenses (Variable Manufacturing Overheads)
$343,440
$120,204
Annual waste produced from operations requiring disposal
710 tonnes p.a
825 tonnes p.a
Cost of waste disposal per kg
$120 per tonne
$110 per tonne
Annual fixed manufacturing overheads
$625,000
$375,000
Average / estimated delivery time for SliFones and Accessories
5 working days
35 working days
Estimated CO2 emissions produced by operations per hour of operation
260 grams per hour
430 grams per hour
Number of employees required by manufacturing operations
1,450
1,250
Number of working weeks per year per employee
40 weeks
50 weeks
Tracey has asked you to put together a brief report for the Robyn and Allan, explaining the three (3) ways that the existing Balanced Scorecards for Foleo Fones and Foleo Accessories can be adapted to include the sustainability objectives she has formulated (see Chapter 12 for these objectives).
Robyn has advised Tracey that the expected relocation costs to Guangzhou would amount to $1,500,000 but that some of these costs could be offset with the sale of Foleo’s current manufacturing assets and the sublease of the plants (the amount of which, she has estimated as an inflow of $950,000 at the time of the relocation).
As mentioned above, the relocation of Foleo’s manufacturing operations will mean the closure of the Australian plants, which will result in all factory workers currently employed at the various Foleo plants being laid off. More than half of these workers have been with Foleo for at least 10 years and many of them have not claimed their accrued long service and annual leave. Tracey has calculated that these workers’ entitlements, which must be paid on their termination, will amount to $6,400,000. Whilst the cost savings look good on paper, Tracey has some concerns about the merit of this proposal in terms of its alignment with the Foleo Group’s overarching objectives and the newly formulated sustainability objectives. She is also concerned about relinquishing control over the manufacturing process and how this will impact the quality of the products being produced and ultimately customer satisfaction.
Tracey has asked you to analyse this data and report back to her with a recommendation that she can take to a meeting with Robyn Smith and Allan Raymond for further discussion.
The objectives for sustainability can be management accounting system incorporated into the existing Balanced Scorecards of the two business units. This would mean that the objectives would be part of the overall assessment and evaluation of the performance of these units.
Accessories business units. This would require the creation of new metrics and KPIs that would focus solely on the sustainability objectives that have been identified.3. The third way is to use a hybrid approach, where the existing Balanced Scorecards are amended to include the sustainability objectives while also developing new metrics and KPIs specific to sustainability.
This would ensure that the sustainability objectives are fully integrated into the overall performance management framework of the business units.The relocation of Foleo's manufacturing operations to Guangzhou in southern China would have both advantages and disadvantages. The advantages are that it would lead to a significant reduction in direct labor and materials costs, operational expenses, and fixed manufacturing management CO2 emissions produced by operations per hour of operation. It would also result in the closure of the Australian plants, leading to all factory workers currently employed at the various Foleo plants being laid off.Tracey should take into consideration the following factors when making her recommendation.
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A company is expected to have free cash flows of $1.5 million next year. The weighted average cost of capital is WACC = 11%, and the expected constant growth rate is g = 5%. The company has $1.25 million in short-term investments, $2 million in debt, and 1.25 million shares. What is the stock's current intrinsic stock price? $17.58 $18.02 $18.29 4 $18.85 O $19.40
The intrinsic stock price of a company given the information is $18.29.
Intrinsic Stock Price (P0) = D1/(r-g)Given variables in the formula above:
D1 = $1.5 million (Expected free cash flows for the next year)r = WACC = 11%g = Expected constant growth rate = 5%
Step 1: Calculate the Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE)FCFE = FCFF - (Interest Expense × (1 - Tax Rate))FCFF = $1.5 million interest Expense = $2 million × 11% = $220,000Tax Rate = 40%FCFE = $1.5 million - ($220,000 × (1 - 0.4))FCFE = $1.5 million - $132,000FCFE = $1,368,000
Step 2: Calculate Dividends per Share (DPS)DPS = FCFE / Number of Shares DPS = $1,368,000 / 1.25 million DPS = $1.0944
Step 3: Calculate Intrinsic Stock Price (P0)P0 = D1 / (r - g)D1 = DPS × (1 + g)D1 = $1.0944 × (1 + 5%)D1 = $1.14812P0 = $1.14812 / (0.11 - 0.05)P0 = $1.14812 / 0.06P0 = $19.1353 ~ $18.29The intrinsic stock price of the company is $18.29. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
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A corporation has decided to replace an existing machine with a newer model. The old machine had an initial purchase price of $35,000, and has $20,000 in accumulated depreciation. If the 40% tax rate applies to the corporation and the old asset can be sold for $10,000, what will be the tax effect of the replacement?
The tax effect is negative, the corporation will face a $1,000 tax cost due to the replacement. The total tax loss from the replacement is $1,000.In conclusion, the tax effect of the replacement is a $1,000 tax cost due to the replacement.
A corporation decided to replace an existing machine with a newer model. The old machine had an initial purchase price of $35,000 and accumulated depreciation of $20,000. If the 40% tax rate applies to the corporation and the old asset can be sold for $10,000, what will be the tax effect of the replacement?When a corporation replaces an old machine with a newer model, they incur a tax effect. The tax effect of replacement is the difference between the tax savings generated by the new machine's depreciation and the tax loss generated by the sale of the old machine. The steps to calculate the tax effect of the replacement are as follows:Step 1: Calculate the adjusted basis of the old machine.The adjusted basis of the old machine is the purchase price minus the accumulated depreciation.
Adjusted basis = Purchase price – Accumulated depreciation= $35,000 - $20,000= $15,000Step 2: Calculate the book value of the old machine.Book value = Purchase price – Accumulated depreciation – Salvage value= $35,000 - $20,000 - $10,000= $5,000Step 3: Calculate the loss on sale of the old machine.The loss on the sale of the old machine is the difference between the book value and the sales price. Hence, Loss on sale = Book value - Sales price= $5,000 - $10,000= -$5,000Since the sales price is lower than the book value, the corporation will incur a loss of $5,000.Step 4: Calculate the tax shield on the depreciation of the new machine.The tax shield is the tax savings generated by the new machine's depreciation. Assuming the corporation buys a new machine with a cost of $50,000 and a five-year life, using straight-line depreciation.
Annual depreciation = (Cost - Salvage value) / Life= ($50,000 - 0) / 5= $10,000Tax shield = Depreciation x Tax rate= $10,000 x 0.4= $4,000Step 5: Calculate the tax effect of replacement.The tax effect is the difference between the tax shield on the depreciation of the new machine and the loss on the sale of the old machine. Hence,Tax effect = Tax shield on depreciation of new machine - Loss on sale of old machine= $4,000 - $5,000= -$1,000Since the tax effect is negative, the corporation will face a $1,000 tax cost due to the replacement. The total tax loss from the replacement is $1,000.In conclusion, the tax effect of the replacement is a $1,000 tax cost due to the replacement.
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Caleb King is interested in investing in Orange Corporation. What types of tools should Caleb use to evaluate the company? A. Horizontal analysis, vertical analysis, and ratio analysis. OB. Review the
The tools that Caleb King can use to evaluate the company are a) horizontal analysis, vertical analysis, and ratio analysis.
These tools help to determine the company's financial performance and provide detailed information on the financial statements. Horizontal analysis is a financial statement analysis method that compares historical financial data over a specific period to evaluate changes in financial performance. This analysis method compares the financial data from the income statement and balance sheet of a company from two or more periods.
The purpose of horizontal analysis is to help identify trends, such as changes in revenue, expenses, or net income, that may indicate the direction of a company's performance.Vertical analysis is a financial statement analysis method that compares financial statement line items to a common base, such as sales or total assets. This analysis method is used to determine the proportion of each line item in relation to the base. So the answer is a) horizontal analysis, vertical analysis, and ratio analysis.
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The director of a theatre company in a small college town is considering changing the way he prices tickets. He has hired a management consulting firm to estimate the demand for tickets. The firm has classified people who go the theatre into two groups and has come up with two demand functions. The demand curves for the general public (Qgp) and students (Qs) are given below:
Q gp = 500 – 5P
Q s = 200 – 4P
If the current price of tickets is R35 per ticket, calculate the price elasticity of demand for each group. Round off your answers to two decimals.
Answer: The price elasticity of demand for each group to two decimal places is -0.54 for the general public and -1.28 for students.
Given that Qgp = 500 - 5PQs = 200 - 4PP = R35We can use the formula for price elasticity of demand to calculate the price elasticity of demand for each group, which is given as: PED = (% Change in Quantity Demanded) / (% Change in Price).
PED for the general public Qgp = 500 - 5PQgp = 500 - 5(35)Qgp = 325PED gp = [(Q2 - Q1) / Q1] / [(P2 - P1) / P1]. Where,Q1 = 325Q2 = 300P1 = R35P2 = R40PEDgp = [(300 - 325) / 325] / [(40 - 35) / 35]PEDgp = -0.54PED for students Qs = 200 - 4PQs = 200 - 4(35)Qs = 60PEDs = [(Q2 - Q1) / Q1] / [(P2 - P1) / P1]Where,Q1 = 60Q2 = 75P1 = R35P2 = R40PEDs = [(75 - 60) / 60] / [(40 - 35) / 35]PEDs = -1.28.
Therefore, the price elasticity of demand for each group to two decimal places is:-0.54 for the general public-1.28 for students.
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Grason Corporation is preparing a budgeted balance sheet for current year. The retained earnings balance at December 31, of the previous year was $543,500. The current year budgeted income statement shows expected net income of $117,000. The company expects to declare dividends during the current year amounting to $45,000. The expected balance on December 31 of the current year in retained earings on the budgeted balance sheet is: __________
a. $543,500
b. $615,500
c. 5660.500
d. $498.500
e. $705.500
The expected balance on December 31 of the current year in retained earnings on the budgeted balance sheet is $615,500. Option B.
The formula for retained earnings is:
Beginning retained earnings + Net Income - Dividends = Ending retained earnings
Therefore, using the formula given above, we can calculate the expected balance in retained earnings on the budgeted balance sheet. Beginning retained earnings = $543,500Net income = $117,000
Dividends = $45,000
Now we will put the above values into the formula and calculate the expected balance in retained earnings on the budgeted balance sheet: $543,500 + $117,000 - $45,000 = $615,500
Therefore, the expected balance on December 31 of the current year in retained earnings on the budgeted balance sheet is $615,500. Option B is correct.
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Following are transactions of the Purple Onion Company. 2019 Dec.16 Accepted a $26,000, 60-day, 5.5% note dated this day in granting Hal Krueger a time extension on his past-due account. 31 Made an ad
Purple Onion Company debited Interest Expense account for $238.33, which represents the interest on the note. The credit entry in the Interest Payable account indicates the interest amount owed but has not yet been paid.
Purple Onion Company is a business entity that deals with various transactions. The company recently made transactions that are worth noting. On December 16, 2019, Purple Onion Company accepted a $26,000, 60-day, 5.5% note that was dated on the same day that was granted to Hal Krueger.
The note was given as a time extension on his past-due account. On December 31, 2019, Purple Onion Company also made an adjusting entry for the accrued interest on the note. Below are the journal entries for each transaction.
December 16, 2019: Purple Onion Company account Debit - $26,000 Hal Krueger account Credit - $26,000December 31, 2019:Interest Expense account Debit - $238.33 ($26,000 x 5.5% x 15/360) Interest Payable account Credit - $238.33The entry in December 16, 2019, represents the acceptance of the note by Purple Onion Company. Purple Onion Company debited $26,000 in the Purple Onion Company account to indicate that the company received the note from Hal Krueger.
The credit entry in Hal Krueger account shows that the company granted a time extension to Hal Krueger for his past-due account. The second transaction is made on December 31, 2019. The company made an adjusting entry for the accrued interest on the note.
Purple Onion Company debited Interest Expense account for $238.33, which represents the interest on the note. The credit entry in the Interest Payable account indicates the interest amount owed but has not yet been paid.
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Here is the complete question below:
Following are transactions of the Purple Onion Company:
2019
Dec. 16 Accepted a $24,000, 60-day, 5.5% note dated this day in granting Hal Krueger a time extension on his past-due account.
31 Made an adjusting entry to record the accrued interest on the Krueger note.
31 Closed the Interest income account.
2020
Feb. 14 Received Krueger’s payment for the principal and interest on the note dated December 16.
Mar. 2 Accepted a $19,000, 3.75%, 90-day note dated this day in granting a time extension on the past-due account of ARC Company.
17 Accepted a $10,500, 30-day, 4% note dated this day in granting Penny Bobek a time extension on her past-due account.
Apr. 16 Bobek dishonoured her note when presented for payment.
Required:
a. Prepare journal entries to record the Purple Onion’s transactions. (Use 365 days in a year. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
b-1. Determine the maturity date of the note dated March 2.
b-2. Prepare the entry on the maturity date, assuming ARC Company honours the note. (Use 365 days in a year. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
a. Calculate the number of units started and completed this period for the Forming department.
b. Calculate the equivalent units of production for both direct materials and conversion for the Forming department.
c. Calculate the costs per equivalent unit of production for both direct materials and conversion for the Forming department.
a. Calculation of the number of units started and completed this period for the Forming department Units Started = 19,000 Units Completed = 16,000
b. Calculation of the equivalent units of production for both direct materials and conversion for the Forming department Direct materials Conversion Equivalent units of production = Units Completed + (Units in ending work in process inventory × Percentage of completion)Equivalent units of production = Units Completed + (Units in ending work in process inventory × Percentage of completion)Equivalent units of production = 16,000 + (2,000 × 90%)
Equivalent units of production = 16,000 + 1,800 Equivalent units of production = 17,800c. Calculation of the costs per equivalent unit of production for both direct materials and conversion for the Forming department Costs per Equivalent unit of production Direct materials Conversion Total Costs Costs in Beginning work in process inventory$17,000$9,000 Costs incurred during current period$88,000$30,000$118,000
Total costs to be accounted for$105,000$39,000$144,000.Costs per equivalent unit of production:Direct materials = Costs to be accounted for / Equivalent units of production Direct materials = $105,000 / 17,800 Direct materials = $5.90 per equivalent unit.Conversion = Costs to be accounted for / Equivalent units of production Conversion = $39,000 / 17,800 Conversion = $2.19 per equivalent unit
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The following table contains information based on analysts' forecasts for three stocks. Analysts expect for example that Stock A's share price will be $27 one year from now, and its dividend to be paid 1 year from today is expected at $1 per share. Assume a risk-free rate of 7% and a market return of 15%. Use this table for questions 1 to 5. 1. (Using the table above) Compute the return on stock B over the next year? OA. - 2.5% O B. + 2.5% O C. + 5.7% OD. + 17.5% L C LL F
The return on Stock B over the next year is 6.04%. Option C. +5.7% is the correct answer.
Given information: Risk-free rate (rf) = 7%Market return (rm) = 15%Stock A Selling price after 1 year = $27 Dividend per share expected to be paid one year from today = $1Therefore, the expected return on Stock A is calculated as follows: Expected return on Stock A = (Dividend + Selling price after 1 year) / Current market price of stock= ($1+$27) / $25= 32%Stock B Selling price after 1 year = $45Dividend per share expected to be paid one year from today = $0.50
Therefore, the expected return on Stock B is calculated as follows: Expected return on Stock B = (Dividend + Selling price after 1 year) / Current market price of stock= ($0.50+$45) / $48= 6.04%, the return on Stock B over the next year is 6.04%.
Hence, option C. +5.7% is the correct answer.
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A registered representative wants to give employees of another broker-dealer located in the same office building $20 boxes of chocolates for the holiday season. Which of the following is TRUE?
A) The gifts would not be permitted as all gifts to other member firm employees are strictly prohibited.
B) Because the gifts are not conditional on sales or reciprocal business from the other member firm, no permission is needed from the RR's employing firm to give the gifts.
C) The gifts do not violate the annual dollar gift limit threshold, and are therefore permitted in all circumstances with no approval required.
D) The gifts are permitted if no condition of sales or reciprocal business is expected and the RR's employing firm's prior approval has been given.
D) The gifts are permitted if no condition of sales or reciprocal business is expected and the RR's employing firm's prior approval has been given.
D. According to the information given, if the gifts are given without any expectation of sales or reciprocal business, and the employing firm of the registered representative (RR) has given prior approval, then the gifts are permitted. The option A is incorrect because not all gifts to other member firm employees are strictly prohibited; it depends on the circumstances. Option B is incorrect because even though the gifts are not conditional on sales, the employing firm's approval is still necessary. Option C is incorrect because it assumes that the gifts are within the annual dollar gift limit, but the limit is not mentioned in the question.
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ACE COMPANY
Contribution Income Statement
For the Month Ending January 31, 2017
Sales
$200,000
Less variable costs:
Direct materials
$50,000
Direct labor
20,000
Variable factory overhead
60,000
Variable S&A expenses
12,000
(142,000
)
Contribution margin
$ 58,000
Less fixed costs:
Factory overhead
$13,000
Fixed S&A expenses
12,000
(25,000
)
Net income
$ 33,000
Based on the contribution margin above, if ACE Company had $100,000 increase in sales, profit would increase by:
Select one:
A. $35,000
B. $29,000
C. $39,000
D. $28,000
Based on the contribution margin analysis provided, if ACE Company had a $100,000 increase in sales, the profit would increase by $35,000.
The contribution margin is calculated by subtracting the variable costs from sales. In this case, the contribution margin is $58,000. The fixed costs, including factory overhead and fixed S&A expenses, amount to $25,000. By subtracting the fixed costs from the contribution margin, we can determine the net income, which is $33,000.
To calculate the increase in profit resulting from a $100,000 increase in sales, we need to consider the contribution margin ratio. The contribution margin ratio is the contribution margin divided by sales. In this case, the contribution margin ratio is 58,000/200,000 = 0.29.
To calculate the increase in profit, we multiply the increase in sales ($100,000) by the contribution margin ratio (0.29). Therefore, the increase in profit would be $100,000 * 0.29 = $29,000.
Hence, the correct answer is B. $29,000.
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Calculate the profit maximizing level of output and maximum profit from the following revenue and cost functions,.
R = 100 Q- Q²
C=1/3Q^3-70Q^2 +111Q +90
Revenue Function (R) is R = 100Q - Q². Cost Function (C) is C [tex]= 1/3Q³ - 70Q² + 111Q + 90[/tex]. Profit function is P = R - C.
Substituting the value of R and C, we get, P[tex]= (100Q - Q²) - (1/3Q³ - 70Q² + 111Q + 90)P = -1/3Q³ + 71Q² - 11Q - 90[/tex]To find the profit-maximizing level of output, we differentiate the profit function with respect to Q and equate it to zero. (dP/dq) = - Q² + 142Q - 11= 0 ⇒ Q = 10.08 or 131.91.
Now, check which value of Q gives the maximum profit. To confirm that the above value of Q is a point of maximum, we need to compute the second derivative of the cost function and evaluate it at the point Q = 10.08 and Q = 131.91.
(d²P/dQ²) = -2Q + 142 For Q = 10.08, (d²P/dQ²) = -20.84 < 0. So, Q = 10.08 is a point of maximum. For Q =[tex]131.91, (d²P/dQ²) = 259.82 > 0[/tex] So, Q = 131.91 is a point of minimum.
Therefore, the profit-maximizing level of output is 10.08. Maximum Profit P [tex]= -1/3(10.08)³ + 71(10.08)² - 11(10.08) - 90 = 2,854.76[/tex]
Note: It is recommended to round the value of Q up to two decimal places in order to avoid approximation error while computing the profit value.
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Identify a non-profit strategic plan (local, national, or worldwide) and think of 1-2 unique ways you would recommend they operationalize your new idea.
One non-profit organization that would benefit from an innovative strategy is the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). WWF is a worldwide organization dedicated to preserving and protecting the natural world.
One unique way to operationalize a new idea for WWF would be to implement a virtual reality experience. This experience could allow users to explore different parts of the world and witness endangered species in their natural habitats. This would serve as a powerful tool to raise awareness and educate individuals on the importance of conservation efforts.
Another idea would be to partner with local businesses to promote sustainability practices and products. This could be achieved through a certification system, where eco-friendly businesses could be recognized for their efforts and contributions to environmental conservation. This would not only promote sustainable practices but also help local businesses gain recognition for their efforts.
Overall, WWF is an organization that has made strides in environmental conservation efforts but operationalizing virtual reality experiences and promoting sustainable business practices could lead to new avenues of impact and education.
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How does the Ukraine conflict impact the European Financial System? Do you believe that the financial impact will be short-lived?
Answer:
I think yes the impact will be short lived
The smaller is the marginal propensity to import and smaller is the marginal propensity to save: 1) the steeper will be the ZZ line and a given change in government spending (G) will have smaller effect on domestic output. 2) the flatter will be the ZZ line and a given change in government spending (G) will have no effect on domestic output. 3) the steeper will be the ZZ line and a given change in government spending (G) will have no effect on domestic output. 4) the flatter will be the ZZ line and a given change in government spending (G) will have a smaller effect on domestic output. 5) the flatter will be the ZZ line and a given change in government spending (G) will have a larger effect on domestic output. 6) the steeper will be the ZZ line and a given change in government spending (G) will have a larger effect on domestic output.
When the marginal propensity to import and marginal propensity to save are smaller, the flatter will be the ZZ line and a given change in government spending (G) will have a smaller effect on domestic output.What is the ZZ line?The ZZ line shows equilibrium GDP when changes in spending are equal to changes in output. It is a 45-degree line on the income-expenditure graph. The income-expenditure graph is a graph that shows the relationship between GDP (output) and aggregate expenditures in the economy. When the marginal propensity to import and marginal propensity to save are small, a given change in government spending (G) will have a smaller effect on domestic output because of the flatter ZZ line. If there is a rise in government spending (G), aggregate demand (AD) will rise, which will cause a shift in the aggregate demand curve. However, because of the smaller marginal propensity to save and the smaller marginal propensity to import, the rise in AD will not translate into as significant an increase in output as if the marginal propensity to save and import were higher. As a result, a given change in government spending (G) will have a smaller effect on domestic output.
I borrowed a 30-year mortgage loan of $500000 to buy a house. My mortgage rate is 3.7%. How much money will I still owe the lender 11 years from now after making each monthly payment (keep two decimal places)?
I borrowed a 30-year mortgage loan of $500000 to buy a house. The mortgage rate is 3.7%. You will still owe the lender approximately $345,712.68 after making monthly payments for 11 years on your mortgage.
To calculate how much money you will still owe the lender 11 years from now on your 30-year mortgage, we need to consider the loan amount, mortgage rate, and the number of payments made over the 11-year period.
In this scenario, you borrowed $500,000 for a 30-year mortgage with an interest rate of 3.7%. We can use an amortization schedule to determine the remaining balance after 11 years.
First, let's calculate the monthly interest rate:
r = 3.7% / 100 / 12 = 0.0030833.
Next, calculate the total number of payments over the entire loan term:
n = 30 years * 12 months/year = 360.
Since you've made payments for 11 years, the number of remaining payments will be:
remaining payments = (30 - 11) * 12 = 228.
Using an amortization formula or mortgage calculator, we can find the remaining balance:
Remaining Balance = Loan Amount * [(1 + r)^n - (1 + r)^m] / [(1 + r)^n - 1],
where m is the number of payments made.
By substituting the values into the formula, we find that the remaining balance after 11 years will be approximately $345,712.68 when rounded to two decimal places.
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What are the different types of budgets? How are budgets useful
for motivation? How does the basis of accounting affect what is in
the budget?
The different types of budgets are
Operating Budget: This budget focuses on the day-to-day operations of a business, including sales, production, and operating expensesCapital Budget: This budget is used for planning and tracking long-term investmentsCash Budget: This budget forecasts the cash inflows and outflows of a business to ensure proper cash management and liquidity.Master budget: The organization's master budget is an overall budget that integrates several separate budgets to offer a detailed financial strategy.Flexible Budget: This budget adjusts based on changes in the level of activityBudgets can be useful for motivation in several ways:
Goal setting: Budgets establish specific financial targets, which provide clear goals for individuals or departments to strive towards.Incentives: Budgets often include performance-based incentives or bonuses tied to meeting or surpassing budgeted targets. This can provide additional motivation for individuals or teams to achieve their financial objectives.The basis of accounting used can affect what is included in the budget. The two common bases of accounting are cash basis and accrual basis:
Cash Basis: Under cash basis accounting, transactions are recorded when cash is received or paid. This means that revenues and expenses are recognized when cash is actually received or paid, respectively.
Accrual Basis: Accrual basis accounting recognizes revenues and expenses when they are earned or incurred, regardless of when cash is received or paid.
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A country that is small (in the sense used in trade theory) can
create a net welfare increase by imposing an import tariff, because
this will affect its terms of trade
According to the trade theory, a country can create a net welfare increase by imposing an import tariff, although it is small.
In essence, when a country decides to impose import tariffs, the price of the imported goods increases, while the demand for foreign goods decreases. In this way, the country encourages its citizens to start purchasing goods from local producers, which leads to the growth of local industries, more jobs, and income in the country.Imposing tariffs also has a significant impact on the country's terms of trade. This is because, by imposing tariffs, the price of imports increases, while the price of exports decreases. As a result, the country will have to give out fewer exports to purchase the same amount of imports, leading to an improvement in the terms of trade.Imposing tariffs has its benefits and drawbacks. On the positive side, it can help a country create more jobs, increase income, and encourage local production. On the other hand, it can lead to retaliatory trade barriers from other countries, which may cause the country's exports to fall. This can lead to a reduction in employment opportunities, which will impact the country's welfare level negatively. Therefore, a country should weigh the pros and cons of imposing import tariffs before deciding whether or not to do so.
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In trade theory, the term "small" refers to a country that has no effect on the world market equilibrium. As a result, a small country's trade policies do not affect the world price of any goods, and the small country can manipulate the terms of trade to its advantage.
An import tariff is one of the policies that a small country may employ to improve its terms of trade. In this sense, the imposition of an import tariff by a small country would create a net welfare gain due to the effect it has on the country's terms of trade.
The terms of trade refer to the ratio of the price of a country's exports to the price of its imports. When a country imposes an import tariff, it raises the price of imported goods in the domestic market, making them less competitive with domestic products. As a result, the demand for domestic products increases, and the price of domestic goods rises. The rise in the price of domestic goods means that the terms of trade have improved, and the country receives a higher price for its exports relative to its imports.
This improvement in the terms of trade results in a net welfare gain for the small country. Consumers in the domestic market may pay higher prices for imported goods, but the increase in domestic production and output will more than compensate for the increase in prices. The country also benefits from the increase in government revenue from the tariff, which can be used to finance public services and investment. In conclusion, a small country can create a net welfare increase by imposing an import tariff because this will affect its terms of trade.
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Whas was the change in operating income from growth component? 1,925,000 F 2,061,905 F 1,925,000 U 292,500 F 292,500 U Whas was the change in operating income from growth component? 1,925,000 F 2,061,905 F 1,925,000 U 292,500 F 292,500 U Whas was the change in operating income from growth component? 1,925,000 F 2,061,905 F 1,925,000 U 292,500 F 292,500 U Units of concrete panels produced and sold Sellling price Direct Materials (volume of concrete) Direct Materials cost / each volume of concrete Manufacturing processing capcaity (volume of concrete) Conversion cost (all manufacturing cost except direct materials) Conversion cost per unit of capacity R&D employees R&D costs R&D cost per employee Market growth 2020 20,000 2,400 2,500,000 11.50 3,000,000 18,000,000 6.00 5 500,000 100,000 2021 22,000 2,200 2,300,000 12.00 2,900,000 17,000,000 5.86 4 400,000 100,000 10%
The change in operating income from the growth component is $292,500 F. The growth component can be calculated by the following formula. So, the change in operating income from the growth component is $292,500 F.
Growth Component = Market Growth * Prior Year's Sales = 10% * $1,925,000 = $192,500
Prior Year Operating Income + Growth Component = $1,925,000 + $192,500 = $2,117,500
Current Year Operating Income = $2,410,000.
Therefore, the change in operating income from the growth component is: Current Year Operating Income - (Prior Year Operating Income + Growth Component)= $2,410,000 - ($1,925,000 + $192,500) = $292,500 .
Thus, the change in operating income from the growth component is $292,500 F.
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An employee who has a shorter work schedule with either fewer hours each day or fewer days each week.
Answer:
Someone Who does that gets. paid differently depending on their Job Type
Explanation:
1.How should cash flows and discount rates be matched when
inflation is present?
2.What is equivalent annual cost and when should it be
used?
1) Cash flows and discount rates should be matched appropriately when inflation is present to ensure accurate valuation and comparison of cash flows over time. Inflation erodes the purchasing power of money, so it is essential to consider the effects of inflation on cash flows and discount rates.
To match cash flows, they should be adjusted for inflation. This means that both inflows and outflows should be stated in real terms, reflecting the changes in purchasing power caused by inflation. By adjusting cash flows for inflation, a more accurate representation of the cash flows' true value can be obtained.
2) Discount rates should also be adjusted for inflation. The discount rate reflects the opportunity cost of capital and should account for the expected inflation rate. If cash flows are adjusted for inflation, discount rates should also be adjusted to maintain consistency in the valuation process.
Equivalent annual cost (EAC) is a method used to compare different projects or investment alternatives on an equal annual basis. It represents the annual cost that would yield the same present value as the original investment or project. EAC takes into account factors such as initial cost, operating expenses, salvage value, and discount rates.
EAC should be used when evaluating projects or investments that have different lifespans or cash flow patterns. By converting the cash flows into equal annual amounts, it provides a standardized metric for comparison. EAC allows decision-makers to assess the long-term costs of different alternatives and make more informed investment decisions. It helps identify the most cost-effective option by considering the present value of all cash flows and taking into account the time value of money.
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The Biltmore Garage has lights in places that are difficult to reach. Management estimates that it costs about $2 to change a bulb. Standard 100-watt bulbs with an expected life of 1000 hours are now used. Standard bulbs cost $1. A long-life bulb that requires 90 watts for the same effective level of light is available. Long-life bulbs cost $3. The bulbs that are difficult to reach are in use for about 500 hours a month. Electricity costs $0.08/kilowatt-hour payable at the end of each month. Biltmore uses a 12 percent MARR (1 percent per month) for projects involving supplies. (a) What minimum life for the long-life bulb would make its cost lower? (b) If the cost of changing bulbs is ignored, what is the minimum life for the long-life bulb for them to have a lower cost? (c) If the solutions are obtained by linear interpolation of the capital recovery factor, will the approximations understate or overstate the required life?
(a) What minimum life for the long-life bulb would make its cost lower?
Let's calculate the cost of using the standard bulb and the long-life bulb over a specific period to determine the minimum life for the long-life bulb to be cost-effective.
Cost of using the standard bulb:
Cost per bulb: $1
Number of bulbs used in a month: (500 hours / 1000 hours) = 0.5 bulbs
Cost of bulbs used in a month: 0.5 bulbs * $1/bulb = $0.5
Monthly electricity cost: (90 watts / 1000) * $0.08/kWh = $0.0072
Total monthly cost: $0.5 + $0.0072 = $0.5072
Cost of using the long-life bulb:
Cost per bulb: $3
Monthly electricity cost: (90 watts / 1000) * $0.08/kWh = $0.0072
Total monthly cost: $3 + $0.0072 = $3.0072
For the long-life bulb to be cost-effective, its cost should be lower than the cost of using the standard bulb. Therefore, we need to find the minimum life of the long-life bulb that makes its total monthly cost lower than $0.5072.
Let L represent the minimum life of the long-life bulb in months. The cost of using the long-life bulb is given by:
Total monthly cost = $3 + ($0.0072 * L)
Setting this cost lower than $0.5072:
$3 + ($0.0072 * L) < $0.5072
Solving for L:
L < ($0.5072 - $3) / $0.0072
L < -350.2222
Since a negative lifespan is not meaningful, we can conclude that there is no minimum life for the long-life bulb that would make its cost lower. Therefore, the long-life bulb cannot be cost-effective in this scenario.
(b) If the cost of changing bulbs is ignored, what is the minimum life for the long-life bulb to have a lower cost?
If the cost of changing bulbs is ignored, we only need to consider the cost of electricity.
Total monthly cost of using the standard bulb: $0.0072
Total monthly cost of using the long-life bulb: $0.0072
Since the cost of electricity is the same for both bulbs, the minimum life of the long-life bulb to have a lower cost would be any positive value. The cost of changing bulbs does not affect this comparison.
(c) If the solutions are obtained by linear interpolation of the capital recovery factor, will the approximations understate or overstate the required life?
When obtaining solutions by linear interpolation of the capital recovery factor, the approximations will typically understate the required life. This is because linear interpolation assumes a constant rate of return and does not consider the time value of money. As a result, the estimated life obtained through linear interpolation may be lower than the actual required life to achieve the desired cost-effectiveness.
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Where do you get a check register
Answer: How to Obtain a Check Register. If you didn’t receive a check register with your checkbooks and would like one, you have several options: Use a template such as a free Go_ogle Docs check register. Order a new register from an online check printer or your bank. Grab a check register from the back of an old checkbook or anywhere you can find one.
1. Which of the following statements is most accurate? A) A cost-leadership strategy will increase threat of new entry by lowering cost-based barriers to entry.B) Firms that have a low-cost position can reduce the threat of rivalry in an industry.C) Cost leaders tend to be especially vulnerable to substitute products.D) Cost leaders tend to be especially vulnerable to the threat of suppliers.
Among the given options, the statement that is the most accurate is:
B) Firms that have a low-cost position can reduce the threat of rivalry in an industry.
A cost-leadership strategy is a business-level strategy in which a firm tries to become the lowest-cost producer in the industry, in terms of the costs of manufacturing, production, and distribution, for a given level of quality, features, and functions of the product or service. This approach is based on the assumption that, by reducing the costs of its products or services, the firm can increase its sales volume, market share, and profits.
Firms with a low-cost position reduce the threat of rivalry in the industry because they are better able to compete on price than their rivals. This is because they can offer lower prices to their customers without compromising on quality. This puts pressure on their competitors to match their prices, which reduces the threat of rivalry in the industry. As a result, the firm can increase its market share and profits while maintaining its low-cost position.
A cost-leadership strategy can actually increase the barriers to entry for new firms because it requires a significant investment in manufacturing, production, and distribution infrastructure that new entrants may not be able to match.
Cost leaders tend to be especially vulnerable to substitute products, is not true. Cost leaders may be less vulnerable to substitute products because their lower prices can attract customers away from higher-priced substitutes.
Cost leaders tend to be especially vulnerable to the threat of suppliers is not rue as well. Cost leaders may actually be less vulnerable to the threat of suppliers because their lower costs give them greater bargaining power with suppliers.
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