Lower than the ph of stroma since protons move into thylakoid space
What is photophosphorylation ?By activating PSII with the help of solar energy, photophosphorylation transforms ADP into ATP. This involves a procedure known as photolysis, which involves splitting the water molecule into oxygen and hydrogen protons (H+). After then, water and PSI are continuously connected by a single-direction flow of electrons.
Actively moving protons from the stroma to the thylakoid lumen requires energy from an electron transport chain. Consequently, the lumen has a lower pH than the stroma and a substantially larger proton concentration.Using light energy from photosynthesis, ADP is converted to ATP through the process of photophosphorylation. It involves adding a phosphate group to an ADP molecule in the presence of light in order to create energy-dense ATP molecules.Learn more about Photophosphorylation here:
https://brainly.com/question/1360281
#SPJ4
Please hurry i will mark you as brainleist!! A hypothesis is a possible answer or explanation to a scientific question based on
A. scientific laws and research that are testable.
B. scientific theories that are testable.
C. prior knowledge or research that is testable.
D. scientific laws and theories that are testable.
Where can you find diamonds
A plant can store starch in many areas, from the leaves down to the roots .What does this tell us about the transport of sugar solution in phloem tubes?
A high concentration of sugar at the source creates a low solute potential (Ψs), which draws water into the phloem from the adjacent xylem. This creates a high pressure potential (Ψp), or high turgor pressure, in the phloem. The high turgor pressure drives movement of phloem sap by “bulk flow” from source to sink, where the sugars are rapidly removed from the phloem at the sink. Removal of the sugar increases the Ψs, which causes water to leave the phloem and return to the xylem, decreasing Ψp.
Which type of rock results from broken pieces of rock cementing together? Responses metamorphic sedimentary igneous felsic
The type of rock that results from broken pieces of rock cementing together is sedimentary. Option A.
Sedimentary rocks are formed from other existing rock fragments or organic matter. There are three types of sedimentary rocks detrital organic and chemical. Clastic sedimentary rocks such as sandstone are formed from classic and other rock fragments. Sedimentary rocks are layered rocks formed by compaction cementation and recrystallization of sediments.
Compression is the compression of a layer of sediment by the heavy weight of overlying rock formations. The igneous rock then breaks apart over time in the process of weathering. These rocks are washed away by rain and deposited in rivers. Fragments of these igneous rocks harden together with other rock masses to form sedimentary rocks called conglomerates.
Learn more about Rock here:-https://brainly.com/question/25846908
#SPJ1
Why can chromosomes only be seen when cell is dividing
Chromosomes are not visible in the cell's nucleus, not even under a microscope when the cell is not dividing. However, the DNA that makes up chromosomes becomes more tightly packed during cell division and is then visible under a microscope.
Explanation:During most of the cell cycle, interphase, the chromosomes are somewhat less condensed and are not visible as individual objects under the light microscope. However during cell division, mitosis, the chromosomes become highly condensed and are then visible as dark distinct bodies within the nuclei of cells.
In the 80s, 90s and early 2000s, the Chesapeake Bay was so polluted that fish and oyster populations were almost gone. In 2008, environmentalists were divided on how to fix the bay. Some demanded widespread seeding of sterile imported oysters to deal with worsening water quality that was wiping out aquatic life in the bay. Adding the imported oysters could slowly filter and clean the bay water. Others warned that this could be a disaster because a few of the imported oysters would be fertile and might proliferate, forcing out the last of the Eastern oysters or interbreeding with the native species. (Source: © 1999-2020 National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science, University at Buffalo.)
If local officials decide to place imported oysters in bay, how could this change the capacity of the bay to support human activity?
The water quality in the Chesapeake bay will deteriorate with an increase in human populations.
The Chesapeake Bay faces serious problems due to human activities, including polluted storm water runoff, over-fertilization and pollutants from animal wastes, deforestation, wetland destruction from agricultural, city, and suburban development, and sea level rise due to worldwide climate exchange.
The water quality within the bay will deteriorate with an increase in human populations. The bays like Chesapeake Bay are brackish a mixture of sparkling and salt water. An increase in human populace will growth the salt stages in the bay because the among of clean water is reduced.
Sea-level rise is exacerbated by land subsidence. This combination of methods in the Chesapeake Bay has resulted in about one foot of net sea-stage rise in the Bay over the last one hundred years a charge almost two times that of the worldwide historical average.
Learn more about Chesapeake bay here:- https://brainly.com/question/99204
#SPJ1
Using the image below, identify the type of membrane transport shown (DIFFUSION, FACILITATED DIFFUSION, ACTIVE TRANSPORT) and explain how it works.
Answer:
Diffusion
Explanation:
Diffusion and Facilitated diffusion are the only two passive transports present. The other would be the active transport.
The differences between diffusion and facilitated diffusion is that diffusion is the substance passing through a phospholipids (lipid bilayer), while facilitated diffusion uses proteins in the bilayer that will allow this substance to pass through.
Like in the diagram shown, we start off with a high concentration on the top of the lipid bilayer, but we want to have both sides equal. That's why diffusion happens where at the end both concentrations on each side are equal.
Which of the following choices is an example of indirect water pollution?
Answer:
It include contaminants that enters the water supply from soil or groundwater systems and from the atmosphere via rain.
superfractor va, an engineered factor v molecule, effectively reduces bleeding and acute coagulopathy in mouse models of trauma and shock. the american society of hematology
Here, we looked into the potential for reducing traumatic bleeding and preventing or normalizing hemostasis parameters suggestive of acute traumatic coagulopathy (ATC), a process thought to be distinct from disseminated intravascular coagulation, through targeted intervention with an engineered factor FV variant (superFVa), resistant to inactivation by APC (DIC).
Traumatic bleeding is a leading cause of death and disability in the absence of particular treatments. A high mortality risk condition known as acute traumatic coagulopathy (ATC) is seen in 30 to 50 percent of individuals who also have bleeding. Activated protein C (APC), whose excessive production promotes the quick depletion of engineered factor FV variant and FVIII and hyperfibrinolysis, may play a part in the onset of ATC, according to recent studies.
Only mice who underwent both trauma and shock in the trauma/shock model acquired ATC, as shown by a large APTT extension (25.4 to 36.1 seconds), which was accompanied by a severe drop in engineered factor FV variant and FVIII, a minor reduction in fibrinogen, and no effect on FX or FII.
To know more about coagulopathy refer to: https://brainly.com/question/6348510
#SPJ4
gray seed color in peas is dominant to white. assume that mendel conducted a cross and the following progeny were produced: 202 gray and 198 white. what are the most likely genotypes of the parents?
The genotypes of the parents if you assume that mendel conducted a cross and the following progeny were produced: 202 gray and 198 white is GG and Gg.
Gregor Mendel uncovered the basic principles of heredity through his study on pea plants. He concluded that genes are inherited from each parent as separate, paired units. Mendel observed how parental genes separated and if they showed up as dominant or recessive qualities in the children.
Let "G" represents gray seed colored peas while "g" represents white seed colored peas. Also, take note that "G" is dominant over "g". The ratio of gray vs white offspring is 202:198 and if we simplify it, it becomes 2:2. Thus, there are 2 times gray peas for every 2 white ones. Now as per Mendel's rule, the genotype of two gray peas would be GG and Gg So the genotype of parent would be GG x Gg.
The cross can be seen in the attached image.
Here is another question with an answer similar to this about Mendel's rule: https://brainly.com/question/13717030
#SPJ4
The posterior axial muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the __________.
Answer:
Latissimus dorsi
Explanation:
The posterior axial muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the latissimus dorsi The deltoid muscle fibers are separated into anterior, middle, and posterior The middle fibers of the deltoid muscle abduct the arm The origin of the external obliques includes ribs
Please give a thanks or 5 stars if this helped!
five-year-old ling is beginning to show signs of being able to plan ahead in a somewhat rational manner. at her age, this development is likely due to: a decrease in myelin sheaths. an increase in dopamine pathways. increased neurotransmitters available in her synaptic gaps. neural networks sprouting in her frontal lobes.
This development is likely due to neural networks sprouting in her frontal lobes.
What is Neural network and frontal lobe ?Deep learning algorithms are based on neural networks, which are often referred to as artificial neural networks (ANNs) or simulated neural networks (SNNs). They mirror the way that organic neurons communicate with one another by taking their name and structure from the human brain.
The frontal lobes are the largest in the human brain and the most frequently damaged area in traumatic brain injury. The management of higher level executive functions as well as voluntary movement and expressive language depend on the frontal lobes.Learn more about Neural network here:
https://brainly.com/question/27371893
#SPJ4
what is the sbstrate of an enzyme
A molecule with which an enzyme interacts is known as a substrate.
A substrate is put into the active site of the enzyme, which is where weak bonds between two molecules might form. The substrate reacts under the pressure of the enzyme, forming an enzyme-substrate complex that is the product of the intended reaction.
In biochemistry, the molecule on which an enzyme operates is known as the substrate. Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions involving the substrate(s). The substrate is changed by the active site into one or more released products. The active site is then ready to accept a fresh substrate molecule.
Learn more about enzymes at:
https://brainly.com/question/4047091
We tested for halides, phosphates, sulfates, and nitrates. Are these ions water pollutants? what potential health issues could they cause if they are ingested?.
Yes, halides, phosphates, sulfates and nitrates pollute the water bodies and pose damage on ingestion.
Ions are generally present in water, making it conductive in nature. The excess concentration of these ions pose harm to environment and human health. These ions, when present in excess, decrease the available oxygen in the water bodies. It further causes death of microorganisms and plants.
Ingestion of ions in excess concentrations imbalances the ion concentration in the body. These high concentrations can also have carcinogenic consequences on human health leading to lethality. Other effects of ingestion of these ions include diarrhoea, neural tube defects, dehydration, colon cancer.
Learn more about water pollutants -
https://brainly.com/question/797677
#SPJ4
state the name given to the cell formed from two gametes at fertilisation
Answer:
Zygote is the fertilized cell after an egg or ovum is fertilized with a sperm cell.
Carbon is returned into the atmosphere (as carbon dioxide) because of the
decomposition _______ that happens in plant and animal cells.
because of the decomposition of oxygen
Answer: Carbon(C) is returned into the atmosphere (as carbon dioxide) because of the decomposition and respiration in plant and animal cells.
Explanation:
Respiration is a process in which energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) is released via the breakdown of food, releasing energy and carbon dioxide, and that carbon dioxide goes into the atmosphere.
It occurs in all plants and animal cells and is a significant part of the carbon dioxide cycle.
Decomposition on the other hand is the breakdown and decaying of organic materials into simpler constituents releasing carbon dioxide and water(H20).
And the CO2 released in decomposition also goes into the atmosphere.
#SPJ12
Factors that affect prenatal development
Genetic (a dominant trait)
Factor:
Genetic (a recessive trait)
Factor:
Genetic (a genetic or chromosomal disorder)
Factor:
Environmental (mother's physical health)
Factor:
Environmental (mother's emotional health)
Factor:
Environmental (something in the environment
that the mother lives in)
Factor:
How do these factors have a positive or negative affect?
All the factors mentioned like environment factors, mother's physical and emotional health all can have either positive or negative effect.
What is factor and how come these factors have an effect on mother's health?Factors are in pair present on chromosomes , have studied in genetics. There are two factors for each trait.The statement that factors are present in pair have a significant role and need to be kept in mind vividly.Here comes the health of the mother which can be effected by emotion health, if mother is suffering with emotional challenges then obviously its a negative effect .When mother is living in a hygienic environment and friendly environment that's a positive impact.To know more about Factors visit:
https://brainly.com/question/24182713
#SPJ13
the transition temperature, tm, for a sample cell's membrane was found to be much higher than a reference cell's membrane. what can be said about the membrane contents of each based on this experiment?
The sample cell probably has more cholesterol than the reference cell does.
How cholestrol affects sample cell?The sample cell is most likely to contain less saturated fat than the reference cell; it is also most likely to contain more cis-fatty acids than the reference cell. reference cell; The sample cell is likely to have more polyunsaturated fatty acids than the reference cell.
What is transition temperature?
The transition temperature is the temperature at which a substance changes from one crystal state (allotrope) to another.
Cell of reference?A reference electrode is an electrode having a known electrode potential .The reference electrode can function as a half cell in an electrochemical cell. The electrode potential of the other half cell can be found when the reference electrode functions as a half cell.
For more information about transition temperature, visit-
https://brainly.com/question/15260663
#SPJ4
Name 2 properties that ALL living things have in common?
Answer:
are made of cells.
obtain and use energy.
grow and develop.
reproduce.
respond to their environment.
Explanation:
Hope this at least helps
Answer:
Growth
Dependent on their environment
Needs energy, water, food resources
Reproduction
Cells and DNA
Respiration
:)
What is the term for the site where the muscle attaches that does not move when the muscle contracts?.
The origin is the term for the site where the muscle attaches that does not move when the muscle contracts.
It's simple to believe that muscle is muscle, and that the tissues in hearts, tongues, and arms are essentially the same. Mammalian bodies, however, are composed of three distinct muscle types: cardiac, skeletal, and smooth. Organs including our skin, blood arteries, and digestive tracts are made up of smooth muscles. The heart's muscles are called cardiac muscles. Despite how amazing and sophisticated these tissues are, the skeletal muscles are what carry out the bulk of the work.
The muscles that are a part of the skeletal system are known as skeletal muscles. They are voluntary muscles, as opposed to the hearts and stomachs, and one has cognitive control over them.
learn more about muscle contracts here :
https://brainly.com/question/14907458
#SPJ4
In which types of transport can molecules pass through a phospholipid membrane?
Explanation: The simplest mechanism by which molecules can cross the plasma membrane is passive diffusion. During passive diffusion, a molecule simply dissolves in the phospholipid bilayer, diffuses across it, and then dissolves in the aqueous solution at the other side of the membrane.
Almost out! Here's a quick vocabulary review for this lesson. Match the numbers from the word bank to its
correct definition to figure out the final 4-digit code.
WORD BANK
1. Scientific Law
2. Organic
3. Reactants
4. Products
Derived from
matter that is
living or was once
living
A substance
formed after a
chemical reaction
A description of
an observed
phenomenon
based on
repeated
experimentation
A substance that
takes part in and
undergoes
change during a
reactions
A process by which plants and other living things transform light energy into chemical energy. utilized to produce or build up nourishment for the organism.
Reactants are the substances that begin a chemical reaction, while products are the compounds that are created as a result of the reaction. According to this equation, the mass of the r increases whenever a chemical reaction rearranges atoms into a new product.
Students put into practice what they have learned about how pure substances have distinct features and are created from only one kind of atom or molecule.
What are the four laws of chemistry?
mass conservation principle. specified proportions law Multiple proportions law. Gaseous quantities according to Gay Lussac.
To learn more about Reactants refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/6421464
#SPJ13
What causes water to be pulled up into a paper towel?
A. Cohesion.
B. Adhesion.
C. capillary action.
D. All of the above
Answer:
Capillary
Explanation:
Answer: C. Capillary Action
What is an example of an organ that contains tissues that undergo meiosis in humans?.
The only cells that undergo meiosis are egg mother cells (oocytes) in the ovaries and sperm mother cells (spermatocytes) in the testes.
What is meiosis?Meiosis is a unique type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes is cut in half. Oogenesis and spermatogenesis are the terms used to describe the processes of egg and sperm production.
What exactly are oocytes?In the process of human reproduction, there are two different kinds of sex cells, or gametes. The male gamete, or sperm, and the female gamete, the egg or ovum, combine in the female reproductive system. The fertilized egg produced by the union of a sperm and an egg is termed as a zygote. They are diploid in nature(2n).
For more information about meiosis, visit-
https://brainly.com/question/11622266
#SPJ4
It’s A,B,C, and E
Good luck !!!
The statements that correctly describe the importance of meiosis to the life cycle or these organisms are:
A) Increasing genetic diversity ensures that no two haploid gametes are exactly the same.
B) Taking a diploid cell to its haploid state occurs during the first cell division of meiosis.
C) Checkpoints during meiosis ensures that chromosome separation occurs accurately, avoiding non-disjunction.
E) Reducing the number of chromosomes by half during meiosis ensures the chromosome number is maintained during fertilization.
Why meiosis is essential in sexual reproduction?In regards to the importance of meiosis in sexual reproduction, we need to understand that meiosis is the chromosomal reduction process that enables the formation of the haploid germ cells required for sexual reproduction.
It also plays a crucial function in promoting genetic variety and making it easier for recombination to correct genetic flaws.
Therefore, Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the making of four gamete cells as well as the halving of the number of chromosomes in the parent cell. To develop egg as well as sperm cells for sexual reproduction, this process is necessary.
Learn more about meiosis from
https://brainly.com/question/22012825
#SPJ1
See full question (image transcript) below
The process of meiosis is essential in the sexual reproduction and life cycle of many organisms. The outcome of meiosis is haploid gametes. Which statements correctly describe the importance of meiosis to the life cycle or these organisms? (Choose four options)
A) Increasing genetic diversity ensures that no two haploid gametes are exactly the same.
B) Taking a diploid cell to its haploid state occurs during the first cell division of meiosis.
C) Checkpoints during meiosis ensures that chromosome separation occurs accurately, avoiding non-disjunction.
D) DNA synthesis occurs before each cell division in meiosis ensures that the integrity of the chromosomes is maintained.
E) Reducing the number of chromosomes by half during meiosis ensures the chromosome number is maintained during fertilization.
if i gave you a protein you knew nothing about (not a fluorescent protein) and asked you to predict its function, which do you think would be most helpful to analyze, primary, secondary or tertiary structure?
The amino acid sequence of a protein determines how it will behave biologically, and alterations to the amino acid sequence will affect the protein's 3D structure.
If you're given a protein X whose function is unknown, you can use NMR or X-Ray crystallography to find out its structural information, or you can use computational methods like threading for 3D structure prediction, PSIPRED, the Chou-Fasman Method, or homology modelling (based on finding homologues of the given protein's structure in the PDB and modelling it using a tool like Swiss Modeller). discover physiochemical characteristics such as molecular weight, amino acid composition, PI, etc.,
So briefly, use CD spectroscopy, Edman degradation, NMR, and mass spectrometry to find primary sequences for unknown proteins. Every one of these is for experimental purposes.
To learn more about Structure of protein click-
https://brainly.com/question/2561059
#SPJ4
Neptune has a turbulent atmosphere, which changes the planet's
appearance.
A-True
B -False
If Michael’s mistake had been caught earlier, is there anything that could have been done to prevent the corn from dying?
If Michael's mistake was found sooner the removal of the fertilizer would have restored the plant. Constant watering would have also saved the plant from withering. Organic fertilizer could've been added instead because of its high potassium levels.
What is hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic solutions ?Hypertonic solution: This type of solution is characterised by a larger solute concentration outside the cell than inside.Hypotonic solution: A solution is referred to as hypotonic if the solute concentration in the surrounding solution is lower than the solute concentration inside the cell.Isotonic liquid: Isotonic solution is one that contains the same amount of solute in the cell's interior as it does in the surrounding solution.Blood and hypotonic have different fluid, sugar, and salt concentrations. In comparison to blood, hypertonic has a higher percentage of fluid, carbohydrates, and salt. Similar fluid, sugar, and salt concentrations exist in isotonic and blood.Learn more about Solutions here:
https://brainly.com/question/24566077
#SPJ13
the initial consequences of oxygenic photosynthesis are: removal of carbon dioxide and replacement of molecular oxygen in the environment. increase of molecular oxygen concentration in the atmosphere over time.
The consequences of oxygenic photosynthesis are to produce carbohydrates, light energy transfers electrons from water (H2O) taken up by plant roots to CO2.
What is oxygenic photosynthesis?Oxygenic photosynthesis is defined as a non-cyclic photosynthetic electron chain in which water serves as the initial electron donor and, as a result, molecular oxygen is liberated as a byproduct.
An oxygenic photosynthesis is defined as the phototrophic process in which light energy is captured and converted to ATP without oxygen production.
Thus, the consequences of oxygenic photosynthesis are to produce carbohydrates, light energy transfers electrons from water (H2O) taken up by plant roots to CO2.
To learn more about oxygenic photosynthesis, refer to the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/12671790
#SPJ1
Cells in a plant root are non-photosynthetic, but they still depend on the light energy harvested during photosynthesis in leaves. In what form is the light energy transferred to the root cells?.
Explanation:
the light energy is converted to heat energy in order to break the covalent bonds in the water molecules that are combined with CO2 to create glucose