a) The consumer should purchase 120 units of X and 240 units of Y in order to maximize her utility. b) The total utility that the consumer receives 28,800. c) the consumer will demand 180 units of X and 90 units of Y when the price of X decreases to 4. d) the substitution effect is 60 units of X and the income effect is -60 units e) The consumer would need to spend $420 on the new bundle of X and Y,
a) In order to maximize her utility, the consumer should allocate her income between X and Y in such a way that the ratio of the marginal utility per dollar spent on each good is equal. Using the utility function, we can calculate the marginal utility of X and Y as MUx = Y and MUy = X. Thus, the ratio of the marginal utility per dollar spent on X and Y is MUx / Px = Y / Px and MUy / Py = X / Py.
Since the consumer has $360 to spend, her budget constraint is Px*X + Py*Y = 360. Therefore, the optimal bundle of X and Y can be found by solving the system of equations: Y / Px = X / Py and Px*X + Py*Y = 360. The solution is X = 120 and Y = 240. Thus,
b) The total utility that the consumer receives can be calculated as the product of the quantities of X and Y purchased, multiplied by the utility function: U(X,Y) = X*Y = 120*240 = 28,800.
c) If the price of X decreases to 4, the consumer's budget constraint changes to 4*X + Py*Y = 360. Using the same approach as in part (a), we can find that the new optimal bundle of X and Y is X = 180 and Y = 90.
d) The total change in the quantity demanded of X can be decomposed into the substitution effect and the income effect. The substitution effect occurs when the price of X changes, causing the consumer to substitute towards the cheaper good. The income effect occurs when the purchasing power of the consumer's income changes due to the price change.
To calculate the substitution effect, we can hold the consumer's utility constant before and after the price change. Using the new price of X, we find that the optimal bundle is X = 180 and Y = 180, and the consumer's utility is U(X,Y) = X*Y = 32,400. Thus, the substitution effect is 60 units of X (from 120 to 180). To calculate the income effect, we can find the change in the consumer's purchasing power by comparing the budget constraint before and after the price change.
The consumer's income has effectively decreased from $360 to $360 - (5-4)*120 = $240. Using the new budget constraint and the same approach as in part (a), we can find that the new optimal bundle is X = 60 and Y = 120, and the consumer's utility is U(X,Y) = X*Y = 7,200. Thus, the income effect is -60 units of X (from 120 to 60). Therefore, the total change in the quantity demanded of X is 0 units of X, as the substitution effect and the income effect cancel each other out.
e) To have the same utility level after the price changes as before the price change, the consumer's new budget constraint should pass through the original optimal bundle (120, 240). Using the new price of X, we can find that the new budget constraint is 4*X + Py*Y = 480. Substituting X = 120 and Y = 240, we find that Py = 1.5. Therefore, the consumer would need to spend $420 on the new bundle of X and Y, which consists of 105 units of X and 280 units of Y, in order to have the same utility level after the price changes as before the price change.
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All the following statements about process capability are true, EXCEPT for:
O The process is capable if Cp > 1.0 even when the mean is not centered
O Cp and Cpk are exactly the same when the process is centered
O With a non-centered mean a process may be capable to one specification limit even if not capable overall
O Centering improves the capability of the process
The statement "Cp and Cpk are exactly the same when the process is centered" is NOT true among the given options.Option (B)
Cp (Process Capability Index) and Cpk (Process Capability Index with respect to the centering of the process) are different measures used to assess process capability. Cp measures the overall capability of a process to meet specifications, while Cpk takes into account both the spread of the process and the distance between the process mean and the target value.
When the process is centered, meaning the process mean is aligned with the target value, Cp and Cpk will have the same value since the distance between the process mean and the target value is zero. However, when the process is not centered, Cp and Cpk will differ because Cpk considers the deviation of the process mean from the target value.
Therefore, the statement that "Cp and Cpk are exactly the same when the process is centered" is not true.
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PT Ebony Furniture is a company that manufactures modern furniture made from light wood. The most selling product at this time is a mini bar stool table for housing/apartments. The Production Division makes mini bars from wood cutting to ready-to-assemble. Meanwhile the Marketing Division completes the assembly and installation process at the customer's site. Data for Production Division: Product selling price to Marketing Division = Rp11,000,000/set. Currently the Production Division produces 700 mini bars per year with a maximum capacity of 1,000. Variable costs are IDR 7,300,000/set and annual fixed costs are IDR 1,200,000,000. Data for Marketing Division: The selling price of the product to residential customers = IDR 17,000,000/set. Variable costs are IDR 1,250,000/set and annual fixed costs are IDR 600,000,000. The Marketing Division is currently expanding its business into the restaurant/cafe sector. The Marketing Division wants to buy 100 mini bars at a price of Rp. 6,500,000 from the Production Division for this new customer segment. The selling price for the restaurant sector is set at 20% higher than the price for residential customers, and there is an additional marketing fee of IDR 100,000/set (this additional fee is only for restaurant customers). The Marketing Division Manager believes that the Production Division should accept the offer, because it can reduce fixed costs per unit. Question: a. What is the minimum transfer price that the Production Division can charge? b. From the perspective of the company as a whole (Ebony), is the Marketing Division's plan profitable? Give the calculations and analysis! c. Do you think the Production Division will accept the transfer pricing scheme decision? Tell? d. Assume that the maximum capacity of the Production Division is 700 mini bars (full capacity). The Ebony Business Director decided to carry out the Marketing Division's plan by setting a transfer price of Rp. 9,500,000,- specifically for restaurant orders (100 units), with the reason that this was an opportunity to develop the business. d.1. What is the minimum transfer price that the Production Division can charge? d.2. Give calculations and analyze how it affects the total profit/loss for each division! d.3. What do you think about the transfer pricing decision for the company as a whole?
a. The minimum transfer price that the Production Division can charge is IDR 7,300,000.
b. Yes, the Marketing Division's plan is profitable as it generates higher contribution margins from the restaurant segment.
c. Yes, the Production Division is likely to accept the transfer pricing scheme decision.
d.1. The minimum transfer price remains IDR 7,300,000.
d.2. The Production Division's profit is IDR 1,540,000,000 and the Marketing Division's profit is IDR 2,895,000,000.
d.3. The transfer pricing decision benefits the company as a whole, increasing overall profits and expanding into the restaurant sector.
a. The base exchange value that the Creation Division can charge ought to take care of its variable expenses, as selling underneath factor expenses would bring about misfortunes. The variable expense per set is IDR 7,300,000. In this manner, the base exchange cost ought to be essentially IDR 7,300,000.
b. To survey the benefit of the Showcasing Division's arrangement, we want to ascertain the commitment edge for every client section.
For private clients:
Selling value: IDR 17,000,000
Variable expenses: IDR 1,250,000
Commitment edge: IDR 17,000,000 - IDR 1,250,000 = IDR 15,750,000
For café clients:
Selling value: IDR 17,000,000 * 1.2 = IDR 20,400,000
Variable expenses: IDR 1,250,000 + IDR 100,000 = IDR 1,350,000
Commitment edge: IDR 20,400,000 - IDR 1,350,000 = IDR 19,050,000
In view of the estimations, the Promoting Division's arrangement is productive as it creates a higher commitment edge from the café client portion.
c. The Creation Division is probably going to acknowledge the exchange evaluating plan choice since the proposal of IDR 9,500,000 is higher than the base exchange cost of IDR 7,300,000. Tolerating the proposition permits the Creation Division to take care of its variable expenses and add to decreasing the decent expenses per unit.
d.1. The base exchange value that the Creation Division can charge stays at IDR 7,300,000, as it depends on the variable expenses.
d.2. Estimations:
Benefit/Misfortune for Creation Division (700 units):
(Income from Showcasing Division - Variable expenses per set) * Number of units
= (Rp. 9,500,000 - Rp. 7,300,000) * 700
= Rp. 1,540,000,000
Benefit for Promoting Division (eatery portion):
(Income from café clients - Variable expenses per set - Showcasing charge per set) * Number of units
= (Rp. 20,400,000 - Rp. 1,350,000 - Rp. 100,000) * 100
= Rp. 2,895,000,000
d.3. The exchange estimating choice advantages the organization all in all. Albeit the Creation Division's benefit diminishes because of the lower move cost, the Advertising Division's benefit from the eatery portion essentially increments, bringing about higher by and large benefits for the organization. Furthermore, the choice permits the organization to grow its business and possibly gain a traction in the eatery area.
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Trying to buy a new house. (1) In the case of paying $200,000 in a lump sum plus $1,000 in installments for 15years. (2) In the case of paying $300,000 in a lump sum plus $500 in installments for 10years. Which is more advantageous?
Paying $200,000 in a lump sum plus $1,000 in installments for 15 years is more advantageous.
Which payment option yields greater benefits: $200,000 lump sum with $1,000 installments for 15 years or $300,000 lump sum with $500 installments for 10 years?Paying $200,000 in a lump sum plus $1,000 in installments for 15 years is more advantageous compared to paying $300,000 in a lump sum plus $500 in installments for 10 years.
The first option allows for a lower initial payment while spreading out the installments over a longer period. This results in a more manageable monthly payment and potentially better financial flexibility.
On the other hand, the second option requires a higher initial payment and shorter installment period, leading to higher monthly payments. Ultimately, the decision depends on the individual's financial situation, ability to make larger upfront payments, and preference for a shorter or longer repayment term.
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Which of the following best describes global recolonization?
The rebuilding of European colonial empires in the 21st century.
China's acquisition of colonies in the developing world.
The re-emergence of the colonial division of labor in response to increased demand for raw materials by China.
The growing number of countries in the Global South demanding to be recolonized by European powers.
Option 1. is correct.
Global recolonization refers to the rebuilding of European colonial empires in the 21st century.
This is the best description of global recolonization. What is Global Recolonization? Global recolonization is a term that refers to the rebuilding of European colonial empires in the 21st century. This concept is used to describe the resurgence of interest in acquiring colonies by European countries, despite the widespread condemnation of colonialism in the past.
The most prominent example of this phenomenon is the recent acquisition of territories in Africa by France and the United Kingdom. The purpose of global recolonization is to increase the wealth and power of the colonizing country. Countries that engage in this practice often do so because they are looking for new sources of raw materials, markets for their products, or strategic locations for military bases. Critics of global recolonization argue that it is a form of imperialism that exploits the people and resources of the colonized countries.
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Schnusenberg Corporation just paid a dividend of D0 = $0.75 per share, and that dividend is expected to grow at a constant rate of 6.50% per year in the future. The company's beta is 1.65, the required return on the market is 10.50%, and the risk-free rate is 4.50%. What is the company's current stock price?
A. 10.92
B. 7.99
C. 9.30
D. 10.11
E. 10.41
The company's current stock price is A) $10.92. so, the correct option is A.
Schnusenberg Corporation just paid a dividend of D0 = $0.75 per share, and that dividend is expected to grow at a constant rate of 6.50% per year in the future. The company's beta is 1.65, the required return on the market is 10.50%, and the risk-free rate is 4.50%.
We can use the dividend discount model (DDM) formula to calculate the price of the stock that is:
PV = (D1/ (r - g) )+ D0/ (1+r)1+ D0/ (1+r)2 + D0/ (1+r)3 + ...+ D0/ (1+r)n
Where, PV = Present Value of the stockD1 = Dividend one year from now
r = Required rate of return
g = Growth rate of dividend
D0 = Dividend paid today
In the present problem, D0 is $0.75 and the growth rate is 6.50%.
So, D1 = D0 × (1+g)
= $0.75 × (1+6.50%)
= $0.7988
r = Risk-free rate + β × (Market rate of return - Risk-free rate)
= 4.50% + 1.65 × (10.50% - 4.50%)
= 4.50% + 1.65 × 6.00%
= 14.10%
Therefore, the price of the stock today,
PV= $0.7988/ (0.1410 - 0.0650)
=$10.92
So, the company's current stock price is $10.92.
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If the inverse demand function is what is the price elasticity of demand and revenue at Q = 84? The price elasticity of demand is 8 = Revenue (R) is p =50 – 0.5Q, (Enter your response rounded to three decimal places and include a minus sign.) R=$ (Enter your response as a whole number.)
The price elasticity of demand is -0.048 and the revenue is $672.
Given that inverse demand function is p =50 – 0.5QFor finding the price elasticity of demand we have to first find the demand function from the inverse demand function.
Here, we have inverse demand function
p = 50 - 0.5Q
When we solve for Q, we have
Q = (50 - p) / 0.5
Now, we can find the derivative of Q with respect to P.
dQ/dP = -0.5
And, we have
Q = 84
We can use the formula of elasticity of demand: e = (P/Q) * (dQ/dP)
For the given value of Q and the value of (dQ/dP) we can find the elasticity of demand:
e = (P/Q) * (dQ/dP)e = (P/Q) * (-0.5)
Here, we have to find e when Q = 84
Substitute the value of Q = 84 in the demand function, we get
P = 50 - 0.5Q= 50 - 0.5(84)= $8
Now, substitute the values of P and Q in the formula of elasticity of demand,
e = (P/Q) * (-0.5)e = (8 / 84) * (-0.5)e = -0.0476
Revenue is given by the formula R = P * Q
We have P = 8 and Q = 84, so
R = P * Q= 8 * 84= $672
Therefore, the price elasticity of demand is -0.048 and the revenue is $672.
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If the price of milk rises, the demand for cereal, ceteris paribus, will 1) fall. 2) rise. 3) not change. 4) none of the above.
If the price of milk rises, the demand for cereal, ceteris paribus, will fall. What is the meaning of "ceteris paribus"? The term "ceteris paribus" is a Latin phrase that means "all other things being equal."
It is used to identify a causal relationship between two variables while also holding all other factors constant, meaning that the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable is isolated. When there is a price rise of one commodity, there is an effect on the demand for other related goods and services. Milk and cereal are interrelated goods. Thus, if the price of milk rises, the demand for cereal, ceteris paribus, will fall. Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.
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Question #3 (24 Marks) XYZ Company manufactures ice cream for the grocery store retail market. The make over 57 varieties of ice cream available in one-liter tubs. XYZ Company uses standard costing an
The performance report of XYZ Company that manufactures ice cream for the grocery store retail market
Static Budget
Revenue: $11,025,000
Variable Costs: $8,330,000
Fixed Costs: $2,675,000
Net Income: $2,020,000
Flexible Budget
Revenue: $12,008,500
Variable Costs: $8,942,500
Fixed Costs: $2,750,000
Net Income: $2,256,000
Commentary
The business manager expresses satisfaction with the outcome, given that the net income has surpassed the static budget by $226,000.
Nevertheless, there has been a rise in the expenses related to production amounting to $612,500. This could be worrying, as it suggests that there may be shortcomings in the production procedures.
The issue of high manufacturing expenditures should be examined by the business manager, who must then implement measures to decrease such costs.
The performance report:
Statistic Static Budget Flexible Budget
Revenue $11,025,000 $12,008,500
Variable Costs $8,330,000 $8,942,500
Fixed Costs $2,675,000 $2,750,000
Net Income $2,020,000 $2,256,000
The variability between the static and flexible budget is attributed to the contrast in the projected sales volume and the factual sales volume. The static budget was formulated using an estimated sales volume of 245,000 liters, but the factual sales volume turned out to be 255,500 liters.
The surge in the number of sales resulted in a boost in both the earnings and the net profit.
The rise of fluctuating expenses is a reason to be worried. The cost per liter that is subject to change rose from $34 to $35.
There are various reasons that may explain this occurrence, including a rise in expenses pertaining to either raw materials or labor. The matter should be thoroughly investigated by the manager of the business and appropriate measures should be taken to decrease the costs which exhibit variation.
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The Complete Question
XYZ Company manufactures ice cream for the grocery store retail market. The make over 57 varieties of ice cream available in goe-liter tubs. XYZ Company uses standard costing an carries over no inventory. The June 2021 results are as follows: Actual results were 255,500 liters, were sold for a total of $12,008,500, the unit variable costs were $8,942,500 with total fixed costs of $2,750,000. The static budget amounts were 245,000 liters of ice cream, with revenues at $11,025,000, variable costs of $8,330,000 and total fixed costs of $2,675,000. The business manager was pleased with the results; however, the manufacturing costs had increased. Required: 1. Prepare a performance report that uses a flexible budget and a static budget. (33 marks) 2. Comment on the results in #1
Currently Chester is paying a dividend of $18.13 (per share). If this dividend were raised by $3.64, given its current stock price what would be the Dividend Yield?Select: 1 $3.64 11.3% $21.77 9.4%
Dividend Yield will be 11.3%. The dividend yield is calculated by dividing the annual dividend per share by the current stock price and expressing it as a percentage.
To calculate the new dividend yield, we need to determine the new annual dividend per share and divide it by the current stock price.
Given that the current dividend per share is $18.13, if it is raised by $3.64, the new annual dividend per share would be $18.13 + $3.64 = $21.77.
Now, we divide the new annual dividend per share ($21.77) by the current stock price to calculate the dividend yield.
Dividend Yield = (Annual Dividend per Share / Stock Price) * 100
Dividend Yield = ($21.77 / $192.46) * 100
Dividend Yield ≈ 0.113 * 100 ≈ 11.3%
Therefore, the correct answer is 11.3%. The dividend yield would be 11.3% if the dividend per share is increased by $3.64 from its current value, considering the current stock price of the Chester company. The dividend yield represents the return on investment in the form of dividends relative to the stock price.
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Consider an economy that is in the following situations: Situation CI с IG i(%) n (%) u (%) x(%) A 730 150 170 4 3 3 1 B 670 150 130 4 1 1 C 700 150 150 4 2 5 1 When the economy is producing at potential, the following values apply: Yn = 5%; rn = 2%; x = 1%; π² = 2%. 1000; un = a) In which situation(s) is the economy in medium run equilibrium? Explain. b) In the situations in which the economy is not in medium run equilibrium, what action must the central bank take to return to equilibrium? 3. Discuss the following statement: A fiscal expansion leads to an increase in the natural rate of interest.
a) The medium-run equilibrium occurs where the AD (aggregate demand) and AS (aggregate supply) curves intersect. The economy is in medium-run equilibrium when its short-run equilibrium is equal to the economy's potential output.
The AD and AS curves are constructed to establish the economy's price level and production capacity. In the table, the economy is in medium-run equilibrium in Situation C. The inflation rate, unemployment rate, and output gap are all equal to their potential values. The economy is not in medium-run equilibrium in Situations A and B because the output gap is non-zero.
b) The central bank has to take the following measures to achieve equilibrium:
Situation A: Since the output gap is positive, the central bank must increase the interest rate, which lowers aggregate demand and leads to a leftward shift of the AD curve. This action reduces inflationary pressure and, in the long run, lowers the price level to P0 and the output level to Yn.
Situation B: Since the output gap is negative, the central bank must lower the interest rate, which increases aggregate demand and leads to a rightward shift of the AD curve. This action raises inflationary pressure and, in the long run, raises the price level to P0 and the output level to Yn.
3. A fiscal expansion leads to an increase in the natural rate of interest. The natural rate of interest is defined as the real interest rate that equates investment and saving in an economy without inflationary or deflationary pressures. A fiscal expansion implies an increase in government spending and/or a decrease in taxes, which raises aggregate demand. The increased aggregate demand raises output and raises the demand for investment. The greater investment demand puts upward pressure on the natural rate of interest. Fiscal policy can alter the natural rate of interest indirectly through its influence on investment demand.
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Which of the following is a contract that prohibits specificconfidential, secret, proprietary, and/or personal informationfrom being shared or distributed outside of a specificprescribed set of individuals or organizations? User agreement Continuing education agreement Network agreement Nondisclosure agreement
The contract that prohibits specific confidential, secret, proprietary, and/or personal information from being shared or distributed outside of a specific prescribed set of individuals or organizations is a "Nondisclosure Agreement" (NDA).distributed.
A nondisclosure agreement is a legally binding contract between parties that outlines the confidential information they will share with each other and restricts its disclosure to third parties. It establishes the terms and conditions under which the recipient of the confidential information agrees to keep it confidential and prevent unauthorized disclosure. NDAs are commonly used in business transactions, employment relationships, and collaborations where sensitive information needs to be protected. By signing an NDA, the parties involved agree to maintain the confidentiality of the specified information and may face legal consequences if they breach the agreement.
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in a command economy, who determines what to produce?
a. individuals
b. government
c. businesses
d. stockowners
In a command economy, it is the government that determines what to produce. The correct answer is b. government.
This type of economy is characterized by the public ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange, as well as the central planning of the economy. Therefore, the government, which is responsible for central planning, decides what goods and services to produce, how to produce them, and how they will be distributed. In a command economy, the government, also known as the central authority, plays a crucial role in determining what goods and services to produce, how to produce them, and how they will be distributed.
The government has the power to allocate resources and to make decisions regarding the economy as a whole. It does this through central planning, which is the process of creating a detailed blueprint for the economy. Central planning involves setting production quotas, pricing, and other economic policies. The government also decides how resources will be allocated, which businesses will be given the go-ahead to produce goods and services, and how much they will produce. In a command economy, the government aims to meet the needs of the population, rather than focus on profits or the interests of businesses.
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Thompson, Inc. has return on equity (ROE) = 44.8 percent,
average collection period =31 days, and equity multiplier 3.2.
Compute Thompson's return on assets (ROA) Record your answer as a
percent round
To compute Thompson, Inc.'s return on assets (ROA), we can use the formula:
ROA = ROE / Equity Multiplier
Given that Thompson, Inc.'s ROE is 44.8 percent and the equity multiplier is 3.2, we can substitute these values into the formula:
ROA = 44.8% / 3.2
To divide a percentage by a number, we divide the percentage by 100 and then perform the division:
ROA = (44.8 / 100) / 3.2
Simplifying the expression:
ROA = 0.448 / 3.2
ROA ≈ 0.14
Therefore, Thompson, Inc.'s return on assets (ROA) is approximately 0.14 or 14 percent.
The return on assets (ROA) is a financial ratio that measures a company's profitability by evaluating how efficiently it utilizes its assets to generate profits. It indicates the company's ability to generate earnings from its total assets. A higher ROA indicates better asset utilization and profitability.
In the case of Thompson, Inc., their ROA of 14 percent suggests that for every dollar of assets they have, they generate a return of 14 cents. This implies that Thompson, Inc. is utilizing its assets relatively well to generate profits. However, it's important to note that without further information about industry benchmarks or comparison to competitors, it is difficult to assess the company's performance solely based on the ROA figure.
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Mannix Corporation stock currently sells for $105 per share. The market requires a return of 12 percent on the firm's stock. If the company maintains a constant 4 percent growth rate in dividends, wha
The most recent dividend per share paid on the stock is $4.20 per share. Therefore, the correct option is B.
We are supposed to determine the most recent dividend per share paid on the stock given that the Mannix Corporation stock currently sells for $105 per share. The market requires a return of 8 percent on the firm's stock and the company maintains a constant 4 percent growth rate in dividends. However, the dividend per share is given by the following formula;
Dividend per share = Dividend payout ratio × Earnings per sharewhere
Dividend payout ratio = 1 − Retention ratio
Earnings per share (EPS) = Net income ÷ Number of shares outstanding
Therefore, we need to determine the EPS and then calculate the dividend per share.The constant 4% growth rate implies that the dividend next year is 4% greater than this year's dividend. Therefore, the dividend next year will be:
Dividend next year = Dividend this year × (1 + growth rate)
We know the current stock price and the required return, thus we can determine the expected dividend yield:
Dividend yield = Dividend this year ÷ Stock price
Dividend yield + Capital gain yield = Required return
8% = Dividend yield + 4%
Dividend yield = 4%
Substituting this value and the current stock price, we get;
Dividend this year = Dividend yield × Stock price= 4% × $105= $4.20 which corresponds to option B.
Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: Mannix Corporation stock currently sells for $105 per share. The market requires a return of 8 percent on the firm's stock. If the company maintains a constant 4 percent growth rate in dividends, what was the most recent dividend per share paid on the stock? Multiple Choice A) $3.88 B) $4.20 C) $12.64 D) $4.04 E) $6.20.
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Describe and evaluate the importance of the legal and institutional changes that favored the beginning of the industrial revolution in Great Britain.
During the industrial revolution, the United Kingdom saw legal and institutional changes that were critical to the growth of the British economy.
This essay will describe and evaluate the significance of the legal and institutional changes that favored the beginning of the industrial revolution in Great Britain.
Agricultural, scientific, and commercial changes in the late 18th century paved the way for a legislative reform that legalized and facilitated commerce, technological innovation, and individual enterprise. This shift was apparent in the emergence of Enclosure Acts, which abolished the traditional open field farming, and created a system of enclosed, independent farms in the countryside.
Furthermore, the repeal of the Corn Laws, which had been established to protect domestic agricultural prices, paved the way for cheaper food imports and lowered the cost of living
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Nyameye Company Limited is a new business established to produce blocks (in units). The demand function for blocks is given as 4 = 35 − 0.5P. It has been estimated that the total fixed cost is GH¢80 and average variable cost function is 3 − 51 + 320/ , where Q is number of blocks produced and P is the price per block (in GH¢). Given this information, what is the total profit at the profit maximizing level of output, and what is the best pricing policy option?
The company's total profit at the profit maximizing level of output is GH¢104. The best pricing policy option is GH¢30 per block. In order to determine the profit maximizing level of output, we need to calculate the marginal cost (MC) and marginal revenue (MR).
The marginal cost is the change in total cost resulting from producing one additional unit of output. It can be calculated by taking the derivative of the total variable cost function with respect to Q. Therefore,MC = dTVC/dQ = 3Q - 51 + 320/QThe marginal revenue is the change in total revenue resulting from producing one additional unit of output. It can be calculated by taking the derivative of the demand function with respect to Q and then multiplying it by P.
Therefore,MR = (dQ/dP) x P = -2P/5At the profit maximizing level of output, MC = MR. Therefore,3Q - 51 + 320/Q = -2P/5Solving for Q, we get Q = 8 and P = 30. Therefore, the profit maximizing level of output is 8 blocks and the optimal price is GH¢30 per block.The total cost at this level of output is TC = TFC + TVC = GH¢80 + (3 x 8 - 51 + 320/8) = GH¢104. Therefore, the total profit at the profit maximizing level of output is GH¢104 - (4 x 8) = GH¢72.The best pricing policy option for Nyameye Company Limited is to charge GH¢30 per block, which is the profit maximizing price. This price will enable the company to maximize its profit and achieve its objectives.
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Jordan has taken a student loan and is required to pay $2500
annually for the next 12 years to pay it off in full. The lender is
charging 9.75%/ a compounded annually . a) How much did Jordan
borrow?
Jordan borrowed an initial amount of around $14,570.50 in order to pay off the student loan in full over the next 12 years, making annual payments of $2500.
To determine the amount Jordan borrowed, we can use the formula for calculating the present value of an annuity.
The formula for the present value of an annuity is:
[tex]PV = PMT × [(1 - (1 + r)^(-n)) / r][/tex]
Where:
PV = Present Value (amount borrowed)
PMT = Payment amount per period ($2500 annually)
r = Interest rate per period (9.75% or 0.0975 as a decimal)
n = Number of periods (12 years)
Plugging in the given values, we can calculate the present value:
PV =[tex]2500 × [(1 - (1 + 0.0975)^(-12)) / 0.0975][/tex]
Using a calculator or spreadsheet, we can compute the value:
PV ≈ $2500 × [(1 - (1.0975)^(-12)) / 0.0975]
PV ≈ $2500 × [(1 - 0.43084) / 0.0975]
PV ≈ $2500 × (0.56916 / 0.0975)
PV ≈ $2500 × 5.8282
PV ≈ $14,570.50
Therefore, Jordan borrowed approximately $14,570.50.
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A. What do we mean when we say that capital markets are efficient?
B. What are the implications if capital markets are not efficient?
C. What factors contribute to an efficient market?
D. Explain the THREE (3) sub-hypotheses of the Efficient Hypotheses and discuss the
implications of each of them.
A) Capital markets are referred to as efficient when the market is capable of determining the true price of securities instantaneously with all the available public information. When investors use publicly accessible data such as historical trends, annual reports, and economic indicators, the markets tend to be efficient, and the price of securities will reflect all publicly available information.
B) The consequences of capital markets being inefficient are that there will be trade inaccuracies, delayed adjustments in prices, and inadequate competition. Due to price inequalities, investors may trade more than the market value of a security, leading to a waste of resources.C) The following factors contribute to an efficient market: openness to fresh data, prompt reflection of new information on prices, huge numbers of agents with diverse and fluctuating opinions, and, of course, the use of publicly available data. If the publicly available data is incomplete or has some kind of flaw, the market efficiency may be hampered. As a result, market inefficiencies are generally considered to be a result of a lack of transparent data.D) Three sub-hypotheses of the efficient hypothesis are:
The Efficient Market Hypothesis suggests that investors can't surpass market returns because new information is rapidly incorporated into stock prices. According to this hypothesis, it's impossible to earn above-average profits through fundamental or technical analysis.
The Random Walk Hypothesis suggests that stock prices follow a random path. Therefore, technical analysis is of little use in forecasting the market's direction. As a result, stock prices are unpredictable, and the market's reaction to news is quick and efficient.
The Fair Game Hypothesis suggests that returns on investment are proportional to the degree of risk. Investors have the same access to information, and new information is incorporated into stock prices quickly and uniformly. Investors are compensated for risk, and superior returns can't be achieved by exploiting informational inefficiencies.
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the mainstay of the chinese administrative system was a. the civil service examination b. state confucianism c. feudalism d. the department of state affairs e. legalist departments
The mainstay of the Chinese administrative system was the civil service examination (option a).
The Chinese civil service exam was a method of choosing government officials in imperial China. The exams, which were administered by the imperial government, were a traditional Chinese way of selecting men for government service. The Chinese government used this system of exams from the Tang Dynasty (618–907) until the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1911. The aim of the exam was to produce an intellectual class of government bureaucrats, who were responsible for carrying out the government's policies. The correct option is a.
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Question 6 Arabian Gulf Corporation reports the following stockholders' equity section on December 31, 2020. - Common stock; $10 par value; 500,000 shares authorized; 200,000 shares issued and outstan
As of December 31, 2020, Arabian Gulf Corporation had 200,000 issued and outstanding shares of common stock with a $10 par value.
As of December 31, 2020, Arabian Gulf Corporation's stockholders' equity section included common stock with a par value of $10. The company had authorized 500,000 shares of common stock, out of which 200,000 shares were both issued and outstanding. The common stock represents the ownership interest of shareholders in the company. The par value indicates the nominal value assigned to each share. Authorized shares refer to the maximum number of shares the company is allowed to issue, while issued shares represent the number of shares actually sold or distributed to shareholders. Outstanding shares refer to the shares that are currently held by shareholders and are not repurchased or retired.This information provides an overview of Arabian Gulf Corporation's equity structure and the number of shares issued and outstanding.For more such questions on Common stock:
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In the market for money, when the price level falls, the ________ curve for nominal money ________, and interest rates ________, everything else held constant.
When the price level falls, the demand curve for nominal money shifts to the left, and interest rates decrease, everything else held constant.
In the market for money, the price level plays a significant role in determining the demand for and supply of nominal money. When the price level falls, meaning there is deflation or a decrease in overall prices, it has implications for the demand for money, the supply of money, and ultimately the interest rates.
When the price level decreases, the purchasing power of money increases. This leads to a decrease in the demand for nominal money because individuals and businesses require less money to purchase goods and services. Consequently, the demand curve for nominal money shifts to the left.
The decrease in the demand for nominal money puts downward pressure on interest rates. With a lower demand for money, individuals and businesses are willing to lend at lower interest rates as they have excess funds available. This shift in the demand curve results in a decrease in interest rates in the money market.
It's important to note that this relationship holds "everything else constant," meaning other factors influencing interest rates, such as monetary policy, economic conditions, and investor sentiment, remain unchanged. In reality, various factors can influence interest rates simultaneously, making it a complex and dynamic process.
Overall, when the price level falls, the demand curve for nominal money shifts to the left, indicating a decrease in the demand for money. As a result, interest rates decrease as lenders offer lower rates to borrowers due to the surplus supply of funds.
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use a pro-rated methodology to dispose of the variance? Waht is
the adjustated gross profit after accounting for the variance?
Pro-rated methodology can be used to dispose of the variance by calculating the variance amount and then using a formula to calculate the pro-rated amount. After calculating the pro-rated amount, you can adjust the gross profit by subtracting the pro-rated amount from the actual amount.
Pro-rated methodology refers to the process of adjusting amounts so that they are proportionally allocated across different periods. When disposing of variance, pro-rated methodology can be used to adjust the gross profit to account for the difference.
Pro-rated methodology is a tool that can be used to dispose of the variance, as it can adjust amounts to proportionally allocate them across different periods. To use this methodology, you must first calculate the variance amount by subtracting the actual amount from the expected amount. Then, you can use a formula to calculate the pro-rated amount, which is the amount that should be allocated to each period based on its share of the total variance.
The formula is:
Pro-rated amount = (Actual amount / Expected amount) * Variance amount
After calculating the pro-rated amount, you can adjust the gross profit by subtracting the pro-rated amount from the actual amount. This will give you the adjusted gross profit after accounting for the variance.
To determine the adjusted gross profit after accounting for the variance, you must use the pro-rated methodology to adjust the gross profit. The formula for calculating the adjusted gross profit is:
Adjusted gross profit = Actual gross profit - Pro-rated amount
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Bunyon Lumber Company incurs a cost of $376 per hundred board feet (hbf) in processing certain "rough-cut" lumber, which it sells for $544 per hbf. An alternative is to produce a "finished cut" at a total processing cost of $529 per hbf, which can be sold for $768 per hbf. Prepare a differential analysis dated August 9 on whether to sell rough-cut lumber
Bunyon Lumber Company should produce finished-cut lumber to earn an additional profit of $71 per hbf.
Differential analysis refers to the study of the amount of change in revenue and costs associated with alternative options. It is useful in making decisions between two or more alternatives based on their costs and benefits.
In the given problem, we have to prepare a differential analysis dated August 9 on whether to sell rough-cut lumber or produce finished cut lumber. The given information is as follows:
Cost to process rough-cut lumber = $376 per hbf
Sale price of rough-cut lumber = $544 per hbf
Cost to process finished-cut lumber = $529 per hbf
Sale price of finished-cut lumber = $768 per hbf
To solve the problem, we need to calculate the incremental profit by subtracting the incremental costs from the incremental revenue.
Incremental profit = Incremental revenue - Incremental costs
The incremental revenue is the difference between the sale price of finished-cut lumber and rough-cut lumber. Incremental revenue = Sale price of finished-cut lumber - Sale price of rough-cut lumber
= $768 - $544
= $224 per hbf
The incremental costs are the difference between the cost to process finished-cut lumber and rough-cut lumber.
Incremental costs = Cost to process finished-cut lumber - Cost to process rough-cut lumber
= $529 - $376
= $153 per hbf
Thus, the incremental profit from producing finished-cut lumber is
$224 - $153 = $71 per hbf.
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.All of the following are factors in the determination of actual cash value EXCEPT a. insurance premium paid b. type and quality of property c. age of the property d. replacement cost
All of the following are factors in the determination of the actual cash value of an insurance premium paid.
The option (A) is correct.
Actual cash value (ACV) is the worth of a resource after representing devaluation and taking into account factors like the sort and nature of the property, age of the property, and substitution cost. The insurance installment paid, then again, is the sum the policyholder pays for protection inclusion and isn't a calculation deciding the real money worth of the property.
The premium paid depends on variables, for example, inclusion sum, risk elements, and insurance agency strategies, however, it doesn't straightforwardly influence the estimation of the genuine money esteem.
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1. What is a financial ratio, breakeven analysis, and cost benefit analysis 2. Mention the classifications of the ratios and state the different types with their formula
Financial ratios can be classified into several categories based on the aspect of a company's financial performance they measure. Financial ratios help investors, analysts, and managers make informed decisions and assess the overall financial well-being of a company.
1. Financial Ratio:
A financial ratio is a quantitative metric used to analyze and evaluate the financial performance, stability, and health of a business or organization. It involves comparing different financial figures to gain insights into the company's profitability, liquidity, solvency, efficiency, and other aspects of its financial operations.
Breakeven Analysis:
Breakeven analysis is a financial tool used to determine the point at which a company's total revenue equals its total costs, resulting in neither profit nor loss. It helps in understanding the minimum level of sales required for a business to cover its fixed and variable costs.
Cost-Benefit Analysis:
Cost-benefit analysis is a systematic approach used to evaluate the benefits and costs of a project, investment, or decision. It involves comparing the total expected costs of an action or project against the total expected benefits to determine whether it is economically viable or worthwhile.
2. Classifications and Types of Financial Ratios:
a. Profitability Ratios:
Gross Profit Margin: (Gross Profit / Revenue) × 100Net Profit Margin: (Net Profit / Revenue) × 100Return on Assets (ROA): (Net Income / Total Assets) × 100Return on Equity (ROE): (Net Income / Shareholders' Equity) × 100b. Liquidity Ratios:
Current Ratio: Current Assets / Current LiabilitiesQuick Ratio (Acid-Test Ratio): (Current Assets - Inventory) / Current LiabilitiesCash Ratio: Cash and Cash Equivalents / Current Liabilitiesc. Solvency Ratios:
Debt-to-Equity Ratio: Total Debt / Shareholders' EquityDebt Ratio: Total Debt / Total AssetsInterest Coverage Ratio: Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT) / Interest Expensed. Efficiency Ratios:
Inventory Turnover Ratio: Cost of Goods Sold / Average InventoryAccounts Receivable Turnover Ratio: Net Credit Sales / Average Accounts ReceivableAsset Turnover Ratio: Revenue / Average Total Assetse. Market Value Ratios:
Price/Earnings (P/E) Ratio: Market Price per Share / Earnings per SharePrice/Book (P/B) Ratio: Market Price per Share / Book Value per ShareDividend Yield: Dividends per Share / Market Price per ShareLearn more about financial ratio https://brainly.com/question/21631170
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If economic profit is greater than zero, which of the following happens in a perfectly competitive industry in the long run?
a. Existing firms may decrease their operations.
b. Prices in this market are likely to increase.
c. New firms have an incentive not to enter the industry.
d. There may be pressure on the market price to fall.
There may be pressure on the market price to fall happens in a perfectly competitive industry in the long run. The correct option is d.
Economic profit in an industry with perfect competition denotes a situation where businesses are making more money than their capital's opportunity cost. Long-term, this draws new businesses into the sector to benefit from the profit opportunities. As more businesses enter the market, there is more competition because there is more supply.
As businesses compete for customers, increased competition drives prices lower. Economic profit eventually tends to zero in the long-run equilibrium of a perfectly competitive market and the market price settles at a level where businesses only generate a normal rate of return which covers their opportunity cost of capital. The correct option is d.
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Under the concept of establishment of responsibility, how many people should have the ultimate responsibility? a. Everyone in the organization. b. An individual and his/her supervisor. C. Only one individual. d. The CEO.
Under the concept of establishment of responsibility, only one individual should have the ultimate responsibility.
In accounting, the concept of establishment of responsibility means that there should be a clear delineation of responsibility and authority for a task within an organization. It is necessary to assign authority for every task in order to be certain that the task will be completed effectively and that accountability is maintained. This can involve defining tasks, determining who is responsible for them, and making it clear who is accountable for each of them. There are a few different ways to establish responsibility, but one of the most effective ways is to make sure that only one person has the ultimate responsibility.The importance of this is that, if there is more than one individual responsible, it may be difficult to determine who should be held accountable if something goes wrong. By establishing one individual as the ultimate authority, it is clear who is accountable if something goes wrong. Therefore, it is important to have only one individual in charge of a task or responsibility. This helps to ensure that the task is completed properly and that any issues are addressed by the person responsible.
Under the concept of establishment of responsibility, only one individual should have the ultimate responsibility. This is necessary in order to assign accountability and make sure that tasks are completed effectively. Having more than one individual responsible for a task can make it difficult to determine who is accountable if something goes wrong. Therefore, it is important to have only one individual in charge of a task or responsibility.
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Under the concept of establishment of responsibility, the ultimate responsibility should typically lie with one individual. Option C
What is the concept of establishment of responsibility?Only one individual is the most appropriate choice. This ensures clarity and accountability by assigning specific individuals to be responsible for particular tasks or areas within the organization.
Having a single person in charge helps in defining roles and expectations clearly, facilitating effective decision-making, and ensuring that there is a designated point of authority and accountability.
While other individuals in the organization may have responsibilities delegated to them and play important roles, the establishment of responsibility typically requires one person to have the ultimate responsibility for a given task or area.
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q10 fast please
Friends Partnership has three partners. The balance of each partner' capital is: Alia $48,000; Mariam $50,000 and Fatima $52,000. Alia withdraws from the Partnership. The remaining partners, Mariam an
After Alia's withdrawal from Friends Partnership, Mariam and Fatima would have capital balances of $74,000 and $76,000, respectively.
Friends Partnership has three partners: Alia, Mariam, and Fatima.The individual capital balances are as follows: Alia has $48,000, Mariam has $50,000, and Fatima has $52,000.When Alia withdraws from the partnership, her capital balance is no longer part of the partnership's capital. The remaining partners, Mariam and Fatima, will need to adjust their capital balances accordingly to reflect Alia's withdrawal.To maintain the capital balance equality among the partners, the remaining partners can divide Alia's capital equally between them. In this case, each partner would receive $24,000 (half of Alia's capital).After Alia's withdrawal, the updated capital balances would be: Mariam with $74,000 ($50,000 + $24,000) and Fatima with $76,000 ($52,000 + $24,000). These adjusted capital balances reflect the redistribution of Alia's share to the remaining partners, Mariam and Fatima.For more such questions on Withdrawal:
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What would be the likely effect of a consumption tax on short-run GDP, assuming SRAS is not vertical?
(A) None.
(B) GDP would increase.
(C) GDP would decrease.
(D) The effect is ambiguous.
You purchase a $1,000 face-value bond for $800. The coupon is $100 per year, and inflation is 4 percent per year. What is the real coupon rate on the bond?
(A) 6 percent.
(B) 8.5 percent.
(C) 10 percent.
(D) 12.5 percent.
The real coupon rate on the bond is 6 percent.
What would be the likely effect of a consumption tax on short-run GDP, assuming SRAS is not vertical?A consumption tax refers to a tax that is imposed on the expenditure of goods and services. Such a tax would increase the prices of products and services, leading to a reduction in the purchasing power of consumers. This is likely to lead to a decrease in the consumption of goods and services, which in turn would lead to a decrease in the aggregate demand for goods and services.
This would ultimately lead to a decrease in the GDP, making option (C) GDP would decrease correct.What is the real coupon rate on the bond?The real coupon rate on the bond can be calculated by subtracting the inflation rate from the nominal coupon rate. The nominal coupon rate on the bond is 100/1000 = 0.1 or 10 percent, whereas the inflation rate is 4 percent.
Thus, the real coupon rate on the bond is 10% - 4% = 6 percent. Hence, option (A) 6 percent is the correct answer.
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Consumer Behaviour Question: What are the differences between a
consumer’s evoked, inert and
inept sets? As part of your response, provide and
explain examples of brands that would fall under each s
A consumer's evoked set includes brands actively considered during a purchase decision, the inert set consists of brands that have minimal interest or preference, and the inept set represents brands that are actively avoided or deemed irrelevant to the consumer's needs.
Consumer Behaviour refers to the activities that individuals perform in order to select, purchase, and use goods and services for fulfilling their needs and wants. In terms of consumer behaviour, the following are the differences between a consumer's evoked, inert and inept sets:
An evoked set includes a set of products or services that the customer knows about and are considered while making a purchase decision. For example, while thinking about purchasing a car, a person may consider brands.
An inert set refers to those brands that the customer is aware of but has no real interest in buying. In other words, the inert set comprises options that are considered when a customer has no preference. For instance, when selecting a cereal, a customer might have heard of brands, but the customer has no particular interest in either of them.
Inept sets refer to products or services that a customer does not want to purchase. These items are usually considered irrelevant to the customer's requirements. For example, a person who doesn't play video games may not have any interest in purchasing gaming consoles.
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